CHIONOBAS III. 
second. This stage of Ivallda closely resembled the corresponding one of C. 
Aello, as figured by Mr. Scudder; but the egg differs in shape materially; that 
of Aello being marked by straight beaded ridges, and being narrower at base 
than towards the summit. So little is known of the preparatory stages of 
species of Chionobas, that even the meager contribution I am thus able to 
make will be an addition of some importance. 
Mr. Mead found Ivallda on Freel’s Peak and on Tallac Mountain, near Lake 
Tahoe, during the latter part of July and early in August, at an elevation of nine 
to ten thousand feet above the sea. On the grassy northern slopes of Tallac 
Mountain it was pretty abundant. He regards it as local and extremely rare in 
most parts of its habitat, finding no examples in a very thorough exploration of 
the mountain crests about Summit, which is also near Lake Tahoe, and but few on 
Freel’s Peak. Mr. Morrison, the same season, took a few examples about Sum¬ 
mit, and Mr. Henry Edwards had occasionally taken one or more there in previous 
years. The melanized male figured on the plate (Fig. 5), was taken by Mr. 
Morrison. The egg obtained by Mr. Mead was laid by a female confined in a 
small portable cage, contrived by him, and described in Psyche, vol. 2, p. 181. 
I copy his description, that his mode of obtaining eggs may be more exten¬ 
sively known to Lepidopterists. “ I have found a little device, very convenient 
on excursions where only a limited amount of baggage can be carried, for 
inducing butterflies to lay eggs. I had a number of wire frames made, each 
consisting of two rings about five inches in diameter, connected by wire up¬ 
rights, about seven inches high, the joints being all soldered. These frames will 
fit in, side by side, so as to require only a moderate amount of room. I had a 
similar number of round tin box covers made, differing in size sufficiently to 
nest together. A few cylindrical flat-bottomed bags of gauze, of suitable size to 
fit over the rings, completed the apparatus. If the food-plant is not too large 
it may be transplanted to one of the tin covers (in which the gauze-covered 
frame is set); otherwise a branch may be placed in a bottle of water within the 
cage and the female introduced. In this simple way the eggs of more than a 
score of butterflies were obtained during the summer.” 
Ivallda is closely allied to C. Chryxus Doubl., the differences being mainly in 
color. Mr. Mead notices that Ivallda is almost exactly like Hipparchia Hidingsii 
Edw., “ which,” he adds, “ has not only the appearance but the habits of a 
Chionobas.” 
On the Plate is also given the egg of C. Iduna, received from Mr. 0. T. Baron. 
It is subconic, broadest at base, nearly as broad as high, the top a little depressed, 
the sides ornamented by about eighteen vertical ridges, which are somewhat sin¬ 
uous, elevated, and sharp, their sides irregularly excavated. The larger part of 
these extend from base to summit, about which they form a beaded rim (Fig. c). 
