8 
LYCiENA II., III. 
larvae willow leaves, which they ate. At Yonkers, N. Y., Dr. Howe saw females 
oi Lucia ovipositing on Dogwood in April and May, 1878. So far as I am aware, 
this comprises all that has been published respecting the preparatory stages of 
any of these forms outside of my own observations. 
1 he inter-relationship of the forms is complicated, but will be found nearly as 
follows: — 
1. The chrysalids from the late larvae, which feed on Actinomeris, hibernate 
and produce Violacea in spring. 
2 . The chrysalids from Violacea , in spring, in part disclose Necjlecta , in June 
following, and are the parents of that brood, but most of them hibernate, and 
pi od uce Violacea the next year. So far, I have not succeeded in carrying Vio¬ 
lacea chrysalids through the winter. They have died late in the fall or early in 
the v intei, either from being kept too dry in the house, or from mould when I 
have endeavored to keep them damp. But two which were found dead 27th 
November, on having the wing cases removed, showed the full colors of Necjlecta ,, 
1J 1?. I have at the date of this writing, 14th January, 1884, one chrysalis of 
last spring which is alive. These facts show sufficiently the tendency of part of 
the chrysalids to hibernate. In no other way than by hibernation can the mul¬ 
titudes of the butterflies of this form in spring be accounted for, as the few 
lciivm and fewer chrysalids of the fall can produce but the merest fraction of that 
flight. 
o. The chrysalids from the May generation, or Pseudargiolus, probably pro¬ 
duce butterflies in small numbers in July and later, after the June Neglecla have 
passed away, but most of them hibernate, and give Pseudargiolus the following 
May, or earlier. I do not know that I have had a butterfly emerge the same 
season from a chrysalis of this form, as I found in 1883 that previous observa¬ 
tions were imperfect, because till this year I had confounded the larvae of Neg- 
lecta feeding on Cimicifuga with those of Pseudargiolus on same plant; that 
is, the late larvae with the early ones. But on 27th November, 1883, out of 
twenty-seven chrysalids of Pseudargiolus , which formed between 20 th June*and 
8 th July, six were dead, and the wings of 1<? 2? showed full color of Neglecta ; 
two were partially colored, one not at all. Five then died when about to issue 
fiom chi 3 /salis, and this is proof that part of the chrysalids of this form give but- 
tei flies the same season. The remaining twenty are alive on 14th January, 1884. 
Out of twenty-five chrysalids from Neglecta , formed between 1st and 22d July, 
1883, five gave butterflies ( Neglecta ) on 14th, loth, 16th July, at ten and eleven 
days’ pupation. On 27th November, four were dead, but showed full color, 
^ ^* The lemaining sixteen are alive 14th January, 1884. In former years, 
chrysalids from Cimicifuga have given butterflies on 13th, 15th, 17th July; the 
