4 
A HISTORY OF GARDENING IN ENGLAND 
Latin. 
Napus 
Papaver 
Persica 
Petroselinum 
Pirns 
Porrum 
Anglo-Saxon. 
Naep 
Popig 
Persoc treow 
Petersilie 
Pirige 
Por leac 
Plum treow 
Raedic 
Ro-se 
Rude 
Senap 
Yul leac 
Ulm treow 
Win treow 
English, 
Tw'-nip 
Poppy 
Peach 
Parsley 
Pear 
Leek 
Plum 
Radish 
Rose 
Rue 
Mustard 
Onion 
Elm 
Vine 
Prunus 
Radix 
Rosa 
Ruta 
Sinapi 
Unio 
Ulmus 
Vinea 
It may be that some plants, such as the cherry, cabbage, 
lettuce, leek, onion, radish, rose, and parsley, continued in this 
country; although many species which were in cultivation in 
Britain, in Roman times, had to be reintroduced into England 
at a later date, having been entirely lost during the years of 
Teutonic invasion. On the Continent, the same state of things 
followed the dissolution of the Roman Empire, and horticulture 
only revived with the spread of Christianity and the establish¬ 
ment of monasteries after a lapse of centuries. 
In this country the revival was due to the same cause, and 
in the early years of England’s history undoubtedly the monks 
were better skilled in horticulture than any other class of the 
community. The lines in which their lives were cast tended to 
maintain this superiority. They were left quiet, and, to a great 
extent, undisturbed by wars ; and when other property was 
destroyed and plundered, that of the monks was respected. 
Many of them were men of skill and intelligence, and they 
were able to learn, not only from books, but from their inter¬ 
course with the Continent, both what plants to grow and how 
to grow them. 
The earliest records of gardens on the Continent (after 
Roman times) date from the ninth century. In the list of 
Manors of the Abbey of Saint Germain des Pres, Saint Armand 
and Saint Remy, in the time of Karl the Great, mention is 
made of various gardens. 1 At other places, as at Corbie, in 
1 Polyptyque de l’Abbe Irminon, ed. by M. B. Guerard, Paris, 1844. 
