76 A HISTORY OF GARDENING IN ENGLAND 
tration.) The other style is described in the following 
poem : 1 
“ Then we went to the garden glorious, 
Like to a place of pleasure most solacious : 
With Flora painted and wrought curiously 
In divers knottes of marveylous greatnes. 
Rampande lyons stode by wonderfly, 
Made all of herbes, with dulset swetenes. 
With many dragons, of marveylous likenes 
Of diuers floures, made full craftely 
By Flora couloured, with colours sundrye.” 
The following are some of the flowers that were cultivated 
in these knottes, or in the borders, in Tudor times, that are 
mentioned by contemporary writers: Acanthus, asphodel, 
auricula, amaranthe, “ or blites,” bachelor’s buttons, corn¬ 
flowers, or “ bottles,” cowslips, daffodils, daisies, “ French 
broome,” gilliflowers (three varieties), hollyhock, iris, jasmine, 
lavender, lilies, lily of the valley, marigold, narcissus (yellow 
and white), pansies, or heartsease, peony, periwinkle, poppy, 
primrose, rocket, roses, rosemary, snapdragon, stock gilliflowers, 
sweet william, wall-flowers, winter-cherry, violet, and besides 
these, other sweet-smelling herbs, such as mint and marjoram. 
Having now gone through some of the principal features of 
a Tudor garden, the railed beds, knottes, the mount, arbours, 
and galleries, it would be well to consider not only what gardens 
were made, but what happened to the old gardens in existence 
during the first part of this period. In an earlier chapter some¬ 
thing has been said of the position held by the monastery 
gardens throughout the land. Now that the years of the 
Reformation have been reached, so far as this great movement 
affected gardens, it is necessary to glance at its progress. The 
work of the visitation and then the suppression of the monas¬ 
teries was begun in 1534. The greater ones were first attacked, 
and the lesser ones followed. The work was carried on rapidly ; 
in the northern district in 1536, eighty-eight monasteries were 
reported on in a fortnight ; 2 two hundred and two w T ere sup¬ 
pressed or surrendered between 1538-40. At the time of the 
1 The Historie of Graunde Amoure and la bell Pucell , called the Pastime 
of Pleasure, by Stephen Hawes, ed. 1554. 
2 Gasquet, Henry VIII. and Eng. Mon. 
