EARLY TUDOR GARDENS 
87 
Consequently, in old account-books entries for things bought 
to stock the garden are rare. But the making so many fine 
new gardens must have created a demand for plants with 
which to furnish them. The large quantities of things bought 
for the newly laid-out gardens could only have been supplied 
by regular nurserymen and market-gardeners. For instance, 
such amounts as five hundred rose-trees, six hundred cherry- 
trees 1 at 6d. per hundred, could hardly have been grown in 
private gardens. 
The fruit and vegetable market of London in Edward II/s 
reign 2 has already been glanced at, and with the great advances 
in gardening since that time it is most probable that the market 
had also increased and the market-gardeners multiplied. Then, 
as now, the great place for market-gardens was the immediate 
vicinity of London, but some were planted even in the heart 
of the town, as the following quotation shows : “ About the 
latter part of the reign of Henry VIII., the poor people of 
Portsoken Ward, East Smithfield, were hedged out, and in 
place of their homely cottages, such houses builded as do rather 
want room than rent, and the residue was made into a garden 
by a gardener named Cawsway, one that serveth the market 
with herbs and roots.” 3 
The largest supply of fruit-trees came from the orchard at 
Tenham, in Kent. The history of its establishment is related 
in a curious and rare pamphlet, entitled The Husbandman s 
Fruitful Orchard, 1609. The author is unknown, but the epistle 
to the reader is signed “ thy well-wilier N.F.” 4 “ One Richard 
Harris, of London, borne in Ireland, Fruiterer to King Henry 
the eight, fetched out of Fraunce great store of graftes, espe¬ 
cially pippins, before which time there were no pippins in 
England. He fetched also out of the Lowe Countries, cherrie 
grafts and Peare graftes of diuers sorts : Then tooke a peese 
of ground belonging to the king in the Parrish of Tenham in 
Kent, being about the quantitie of seaven score acres : whereof 
he made an orchard, planting therein all those foraigne grafts. 
Which orchard is and hath been from time to time, the chiefe 
1 Hampton Court Account. 2 See p. 39. 
3 Stowe, Survey of London, ed. 1598, p. 139. 
4 Imprinted for Roger Jackson, London. 
