146 A HISTORY OF GARDENING IN ENGLAND 
of a garden, as he touches on gardening among the “ pointes 
of husbandrie ” for each month. The other “ pointes ” include 
all departments of farming, besides advice about housekeeping, 
how to keep Christmas, and how to treat wife, children, 
servants, and friends ; and his counsel on this last point should 
hold good at the present day, though few would wish to follow 
all his injunctions on husbandry : 
“ Good friend and good neighbour that fellowlie gest 
With hartilie welcome, should have of the best.” 
William Bulleyn, a learned physician, wrote a book entitled 
The Government of Healthe (1558). Although devoted to the 
herbs used in medicine, some curious information on gardening 
can be gleaned from it. 
The history of the Herbals of this period is rather involved, 
as they were so much copied one from another, and the same 
plates were used in several works. The authors of every country 
borrowed freely from ancient writers, especially Dioscorides 
and Columella. The former was translated into Italian, and 
published with many additions in 1544 by Mattioli, the learned 
Italian botanist and physician. Dodoens, another of the great 
botanists of the sixteenth century, who copied much from 
Dioscorides, was born at Mechlin in 1517. He published at 
Antwerp in 1554 A History of Plants , written in Dutch, which 
was translated into French by Clusius (Charles de l’Excluse), 
and printed at Antwerp in 1557. Henry Lyte translated the 
work into English from the French of Clusius, and Lyte’s 
version was printed at Antwerp in 1578, the same woodcuts 
being used for the work in all the three languages. Each of 
these books went through several editions. Meanwhile Dodoens 
greatly enlarged his original, and embodied it in a new work, 
Stirpium Historice , Pemptades sex, in thirty books. This great 
Herbal was translated into English by Dr. Priest, who died 
before he could publish his translation. 
Gerard’s Herbal (1597) is founded entirely on that of Do¬ 
doens, parts of it being exact translations. Gerard professes 
to have “ perused divers Herbals set foorth in other languages,” 
but does not own to having copied so largely as he did. In 
the second edition of Gerard’s Herbal , corrected and enlarged 
