226 A HISTORY OF GARDENING IN ENGLAND 
brought into the midst of his garden, and supply’s two pretty 
cascades. In the Parterre are 4 Antique Statues a young 
Papyrius and his companion a Bacchus, and Diana.” 
The same year Lord Percival went into Norfolk and Suffolk. 
He visited Euston, which he thus describes : “ Neither are the 
gardens as yet considerable, being but young, and his trees not 
well grown. He has a very fine canal, that confines one side, 
and at the end of his gravel walk is a large bason with a lake 
beyond it.” 1 And Lord Oxford’s place, “ Chipman, 3 miles 
north of Newmarket. The gardens are 50 acres, and have 
a good deal of variety, a fine bowling-green, very high hedge¬ 
rows cut into vistos, long tracts and walks, from which you 
see several miles into the country through well-grown avenues. 
There is a canal in the shape of a T 1,000 foot long, and 
70 broad.” This, again, might be a description of the garden 
still existing at Bramham, or of one of Switzer’s plans. Belton 
is another charming example of a garden of about this date 
which, although somewhat altered, still retains several features 
observable on these plans. 
Switzer was a pupil of London and Wise, and avowed himself 
an admirer of Pope’s ideas on gardens. He gives his views 
fully in The Nobleman’s , Gentleman s and Gardener’s Recreation, 
in 1715, published again with additions as Ichnographia Rustica, 
in 1718, “ by which title is meant the general Designing and 
Distributing of County Seats into gardens woods Parks Pad- 
docks &c. : which I therefore call forest, or in more easie stile 
Rural gardening.” Here is a beginning of the end of Formal 
Gardening. This “ Le grand Manier,” he goes on to say, is 
“ oppos’d to those crimping, diminutive and wretched Per¬ 
formances we every where meet with. . . . The top of these 
designs being in dipt plants. Flowers, and other trifling Deco¬ 
rations ... fit only for little Town gardens, and not for the 
expansive Tracts of the Country.” In another place, 2 he goes 
still further, and says his work is for the “ Embellishment of 
the whole Estate.” The grounds to be “ handsomely divided 
by Avenues and Hedges . . . little walks and purling streams 
. . . and why is not a level easy walk of gravel or sand shaded 
over with Trees and running thro’ a corn field or Pasture 
1 See illustration. 2 Edition of 1718. 
