238 A HISTORY OF GARDENING IN ENGLAND 
i 
the process, which was to “ build ovens at certain distances at 
the back of walls, and keeping them continually warm from 
January till the Sun's Power is sufficient of itself to maintain 
the growth of the plants growing against such walls . . . 
whereby the latest kinds of grapes are commonly ripen'd 
about July or August." Bradley adds a caution which takes 
one step farther towards a modern vinery, “ Take notice, 
that during the cold season, when these Fruits are forced to 
shoot unseasonably, the Plants must be cover'd with glasses 
to prevent the injuries they might receive from frosts." 1 At 
Lord Derby's, at Knowsley Hall, near Liverpool, there was 
another method of heating a wall to produce early grapes, 
thus described by a traveller in 1732 : “ An hot wall here for 
Vines, ye wall is built hollow, or you may say two walls are run 
up just together, at each end are Stoves where you put in the 
coal & there is a chimney in y e halfway of y e wall: y e fires 
are lighted every night." 2 Philip Miller had a method of 
forcing apricots and cherries by nailing the trees on to a screen 
of boards, facing south, covering the front with glass, and 
piling up the back of the boards with a hot bed. 
Rose is said to have raised a pine-apple in England, and 
presented it to Charles II., but for many years that remained a 
unique specimen and an unrivalled feat. The culture was not 
understood until this period. Henry Tellende, gardener to Sir 
Matthew Decker, at Richmond, was the first who brought the 
“ Ananas or Pine Apple to rejoice in our climate." 3 Before 
long, several growers gave their attention to Pines, and within 
fifty years books entirely devoted to their culture found ready 
sale. 4 
Fairchild, at Hoxton, and Green, at Brentford, had two of 
the best fruit gardens, the latter being exceptionally good for 
figs. But it was more especially in vegetable culture that 
great advances were made. There had for long been a fair 
1 Bradley, Works of Nature, 1721. 
2 Diary of a Tour in 1732 made by John Love day, of Caver sham, edited 
by his Grandson. Roxburghe Club, 1890. 
3 Bradley, Dictionarium Botanicum, 1728. 
4 Ananas, a Treatise on the Pine Apple, by John Giles, 1767. A Treatise 
on the Anana, by Adam Taylor, Devizes, 1769. Treatise on the Pine 
Apple, by W. Speechley, 1779. 
