The Theater of Plants. 
Chap.56- 275 
TRIB E 2 . ______ 
branches with fmall (hort leaves,fet at diftances like the former forts, at the toppes of the branches come forth 
twoorthree (lender(primes,bearing whitilh flowers not unhketothe ordinary Madder, the roote is long 
and fomewhat reddifh: there is no roughneffe in any part of this plant: but the roote is fomewhat bitter with 
a certaine auftere tafle alfo. c ,, 
6 . Rubin Manna. Sea Madder. 
’ The Sea Madder fpreadeth many fquare hard, fomewhatrough ftalkes, round about the roote, upon the ground 
.and full of l'oynts, from whence grow many fmall long leaves, fomewhat rough, broadeftat the bottome 
and pointed at the end, more white in the naturall places, then being tranfplanted, from among which 
erowine leffer towards the toppes, come forth lmall whitifh flowers, ftarre fafluon like the other, but longer; 
!the roote is more red on the outfide than within, harder and more wooddy than the other. 
The Place. 
' The firft is onely manured either in gardens or larger fields in many Countries of Europe, for the profit that is 
imade thereof. The fecond groweth in fieldes and by hedge fides neere Spire and many other places in Germany^ 
1 and fo doth the third likewife, it groweth alfo in many places, in our owne land, as at a place called HodhM in 
Dorfetfbire, on that fide is next to the river, in the parifh of Stompame a miles from Bedford •• at Warrham like- 
wife in the fame (hire, on a mud wall in the fametowne; andataplace called Somcrpil, neere to a Chappell, 
which is by the landing place, as ye come from Aftfeny to Cbefelt m great aboundance. 1 he fourth as Lobel and 
ifcL fay, groweth by Turin, on the hilsof Piemont. Thefiftin CW;r ; andthclaft by the fcafide in Provence, 
• and neere Alompelier , and in Spaine alfo as Cluftn faith- 
The Time. 
They flower toward the end of i’ommer, and the feedeoffome of them ripeneth quickly;after, butthefea 
Madder, doth leldome give ripe feede in our Country. 
The Names, 
It is called Greekelpv 9 ejJW W Ipsv 9 -:.W, Fruthrodannm and Rreuthednmm. Meander in Theriam calleth it 
• , Schyrium in LatineRnbea and Rttbia t and both (Srecke and Latine from the colour or the roote, and or 
Z dving cioth, or leather into a red colour. The firft is generally called Rubiafativa wdRubiatinnorumm 
flioppesi The other have their names in their titles, asmoft writers doe call them by : The c Arabians doe 
call It Pave and feve alfa bavin: the Italians Rubbia and Robbia, the Spaniards Rubin and Gmwm; the French Ga - 
ranee, the Qermanes Terberroef. the Dutch Crappe Roote oft Mer. and we in SngUJb UWnddcr. 
* ^ The Venues. 
There is fome controverfle betweene our moderne and the ancient writers concerning the vertues of Madder., 
whether ic open or bind the body: the ancient writers THofcondes and Galen affirming, that the roote hereof doth 
open and clenle the body, of much tough and g. offe flegrne, thatit provoketh urine plentifully; and hath fo 
ftroim and do werfull an opening quality, that it bringeth downe womens courfes, drivetb forth the dead childe 
and afterbirth but others, and Dodonaus among the reft, denyeth it to have any fuchftrong opening quality, and 
faith that both Diofcorides and Galen were much miftaken therein; becaufe that Dm, corides faith, it expelleth 
urine even unto blood, it being but the tinflure of the roote in urine, and no blood that is voyded at all, faying 
that it hath onely a binding or aftringent quality, infomuch that it helpeth ruptures, ftayeth the fluxe of womens 
courfes the fluxe of the hemorrhoides or piles, the laske, and the abortment, or untimely delivery of women : 
wbofe very words and layings, CJerard tranflateth and fetteth downe in his booke, as if he had made the expe¬ 
rience and this contelling with® iofeorides and Galen , had beene cut ofhis owne judgement and tryall: but we 
muft n’eedes lav according to the truth, that it hath an opening quality, and an aftringent property alfo : the ope¬ 
ning quality is well perceived, by colouring the urine red,even as Rubarb will dye it yellow; the poperty in them 
both being a like, to open and then to binde and ftrengthen : it is an affured remedye for the yellow laundife.by 
openino the obftruftions of the Liver and gall, and clcnfmg thofe parts; it openeth like wife the obdruftions of 
the fplcene, and diininilheth the melancholike humour; it Is available alfo for thole that have the palfie. and 
feele the paines of the hippes, called Sciatica: it is ufually given with good effeft, to thole that have had bruifes, 
bv falls or blowes, and inwardly felt as much as outwardly: and therefore it is much ufed in vulnerafie drinkes! 
the roote for all thefe purpofes aforefayd, it to be boyled in wine ot in water, as the caufe doth require, ™d fome 
honev or ftmar put thereto afterwards: the feedehereof taken with vinegar and honey, helpeth the fwdl.ngs 
and hardneSe of the fpleene: the decoftion of the leaves and branches, is a good fomentation tor women to fic 
over, that have not their courfes: the leaves and rootes, beaten and applyed to any part that is difcolourcd.with 
freckles, morphew, the white feurfe, or any other fuch deformitieof the skinne, denfeth them throughly, and 
taketh them away. 
Chap- LVI. 
Rubin minor. Small ot little Madder. 
B He fmaller madders are many that have beene lately found out, by the diligence of paint full Herba- 
i Vift or lovers of herbes, fome in one Country, fome in another; all which I meane to comprehend 
I j n t his Chapter, that fo you may have them all recorded together; but although there be diverfe o- 
ther herbes as Afpirula, Aparina, Gallium,Mo«u g o, and Cruciata that may be reckoned as kinds of 
’ Madder, and might and (hould be joyned together, if I follow the courfe of other Herballs, that doe 
or fhould j'oyne the congeners: yet becaufe I have tyed my felfe to another courfe, let me referre them to ano- 
ther fit place, but not expell them from your fight and knowledge. , 
P i Rubiafpicata Crcticalatiorcfolio. Candy Madder, withafpikedhcadandlargerleaves. 
This fmali Madder fhooteth forth diverfe fquare rough fender ftalkes,full of joynts.ftom whence gtowmany 
branches, and where alfo (land 4 or 5 fmall leaves comparing them, and fomewhat rough: the top branches, end 
in fmall long fpiked heads foure fquare, compofed of many fhort rough huskes.fet clofe together one abo 
