The Theater of Tlants. 
Chap.2. 
Tk ibe.^i 
). rich leaves thereon, of an inch in breadth, and two in length, potdivided or dented about the edges at all, bud 
sin 0- a little rough and hoary, as it were thereabouts, comparing the (hikes at the bottome; at the toppes 
) ^hereof (land fuch like fcaly heads, as in the others, with purpliflt thredsor thrummes riling thereout, as in 
'.bereft. . . . 
4. Iaceamontana Aujlriaca major. The greater ihountaine Hungarian Knapweede. 
j; This greater mountaine Knapweede, is very like unto the former common wilde kinde, being fomewhac 
byroad and long, dented about the edges, and rough and hairy alio, and of a darke greene colour; but thofe that 
trow upon the ft raked ftalkes, are ftill up higher fmaller, and more cut in on the edges: the heads that iland at 
ij j ie toppes of the ftalkes, are not rough or hairy, but fmooth and fcaly, crackling if they be lightly touched,brow- 
aifti upward and whitifh lower:the flowers confift of many purple whitifti leaves,cut in the ends into five flits or 
lilivifions, like as thofe of the Cyatm, with many purplifh long threds in the middle, and a purple ftile in the : 
fniddle ofthem, befprinkledatthehead,withamealely whicenfefle: the feedethat followethis like unto the 
[bther, but Come what larger: the roote alfo is blackifh and ftringy like the former,and abideth as the reft doe. 
5. lace a montana Aujlriaca minor. The Idler mountaine Hungarian Knapweede. 
j The lefler Hungarian kinde is in moll things like the laft, but that it groweth lower, and the leaves and ftalkes 
are nothing fo hairy and rough,but fmooth and hoary j the flowers alfo are of a paler purple colour, and the 
I (cede is not blacke, but of a whitifti gray or afh colour. 
6 lacea AnFlriaca latifolia viltofo capite. The greater hairy headed Knapweepe. 
■This greater hairy headed Knapweede, hath many long and broad leaves, larger than any of the former, fofter 
and whiter alfo, fomewhat, but not much dented about the edges, of a ccrtaine clammy , or gummy tafle. To. 
TbaLm faith it hath both fliarpenefle in tafte,aud tenuitie of parts, fo that he makethit hot anddrie in the fecond 
degree, not without much bitcernefle; from among which rife up divers cornered or ftraked ftalkes, about two 
I Toote high,branched forth at the toppes, whereon (land ufually three or foure heads elefe together, and fome 
times but one; whofe feales end in fuch fmall whitifti crooked tangling threds, that they feeme like a net, caft 
over the heads, out of which dart purple flowers like the fife, but larger: the feede is not blacke but gray ifh like 
the laft. 
7. TaCea angdjlfolia Aujlriaca flore alho. The White flowred Knapweede of Aujlrta, 
This other Knapweede differed! not from the laft in any thing, but in the flower which is wholly white, and 
the feede a little grayer. 
8. laced angujlifolia Aujlriaca villofo capita. T he lefler hairy headed Knapweede. 
This lefler kinde diflereth not from the fixth, onely in that it is lower, and the leaves narrower, the hcades are 
netted like it but hairy withall; the flowers are purple, and the feede blacke, and not gray like it. 
The Place, 
The firft groweth with us in mod ficldes and medowes, an^ about their borders and hedges, and in many 
waft groundes aUo,almoft every whcre-lhe fecond groweth about Mompeliar and Padoa alfo: the third in AuJFria 
neare unto Saint Hippolim• all the reft on the hills in Hungary and Aujlria, and in the pafture grounds upon them. 
1 Tht Tame. 
They all flower in lime and July, and in Augujl fometinjes: the feede is ripe foone after. 
• The Names. 
The ancient Greeke or Latine Authors, have not mentioned this kinde of herbe in any of their Writings, as 
farre as can hitherto be imagine d, and therefore wanteth a Greeke name, whereby it may be called: this latter 
age like wile, hath fcarfe found a fit name, whereby to call it, yet all doe agree it is a kinde of Scabious,z nd there¬ 
fore Tragus inakkth it his fourth kinde of Scabions. Gefner in hortis Cjcrmaniz, taketh it for a kinde 0/great Cen- 
tory of the Medow, and further thinketh it to be that plant, that Scaliger calleth Gethya nigra, Thaliw in Harcy - 
niafylva , calleth it Cyanus fylvejlris angujlfolius : but generally it is called lacea, fie diclumnt Tern & Lobelius 
volant a lanthino-colore fiorum, and nigra, as a diftindlion, both from the lacea alba CWonJp. of Pena and Label , 
which they in their Adv erf aria call Ocimo ides,five OcimaTlrum ; and from the Panfic, which oflome is alfo called 
lacea, or Viola tricolor : fome alfo Would make it a kinde of Sube, Many likewife call it MatrefUlor, but very 
corruptly from Aphylanthes,ejuafdtpvhkos dubof as fome would call it, becaufe the flowers are without leaves, be¬ 
ing nothing in a manner but threds and thrummes.The firft is called Ifcca nigra of divers, and by Baahinus Lacea 
nigra pratenfir latifolia , and d oubteth whether it be not Solidago Sarajenica altera of Lonicerus : the fecond is cal¬ 
led by him alfo lacea nigra angujl folia,vel Lithojpermi arvenfis folijs: the third he calleth likewife lacea integr folia 
humilis. The fourth and fife Clufius firft made known to the world,as it is thought,and callcd.them lacea jquamma- 
to cap; te montana p'rima & feconda, or major & minor :zhe fixt C hi fins aifo calleth lacea Aujlriaca villofo capite ela- 
ti or.Thaliw in Harcynia fylva, calleth it Cy anils fyl veftrjt montanw integr if'olius ,& faith it mighfbe called Cynoglojfo - 
phyllos from the forme of the leaves. Bauhinus calleth it Jacca latifolia capite hirfuto ; the feventh Tauhinus faith, 
is a fpecies ofthe former, varying onely in the flower, and therefore calleth it lacea alba hirfuto capite, which 
lie laith Dr. Furerus of Northufa , fentuntohim by the name of lacea Aujlriaca major 'villofocapiteJlore albo : the 
laft Clufius calleth lacea montana villofo capite humilis, and Bauhinus lacea angujlifolia capite hirfuto; we call it in 
Lnglijh Bullweede, and Knapweede, as alfo Matfellon. 
The Vertues, .• 
This Knapweede being fo neare of kindred unto the Scabions, are in fome part equall to them in their proper¬ 
ties: for being of an aftvingent and drying tafle, it thereby helpeth to (lay fluxes, both of blond at the mouth, 
nofe, or other outward parts, and thofe veines that are inwardly broken, or inward wounds, as alfo the fluxes.of’ 
the belly and ofthe ftomacke, provoking cartings ; it ftaieth likewife the diftillations of thinne and fharpe hu¬ 
mours from the head, upon the ftomacke and lunges ; it is good alfo for thofethatare bruifed by any falls, bea¬ 
tings and other casualties : it is very profitable for them likewife that are burden, and have the rupture, by 
drinking the decoftion of the herbe and rootes in wine, and applying the fame outwardly to the place : it is An¬ 
gular good in all forts, of running and cankarous forts and fiflulous alfo, drying vp the moifture, and healing 
them up gently without any fliarpenefle or biting : it doth the like alfo in the running fores and fcabbes ofthe 
head or other parts; it is of efpeciali ufc for the forenefle of the throat,the fwdJings of the Vvula and /awes, it is 
S f alfo 
