Theatrum Botanicum, 
534 Chap. 29 , 
Tribe' 
5i 
fundry lmall white ftarrelike flowers in a tuft together at the toppes. 
The Place . 
The firft is found in many fliadowye woods and other places of this land. The fecond in the common fields and - 
fundry bogs, on the hils in Torkefhire chieftyjin many places alfo of the Weft Country,and Wales y and likewife in a 
Common, about a mile from Oxford , neare a village called Herington, The third and the fourth as Clufim f a j t h , 
growetn in all the Auftnan and S tirian hils in the fhadowy places of them. The laft came from the backe part of I 
Virginia called Canada. r 
The Time. 
I he firft and fecond flower not untill Tune, and their feede is foone ripe after-the other two next flower much 1 
earlier and fometimesagaine in Autumne. The laft flowreth in lxlj u 
The Names . 
1 have not found that any of thefe Sanicles were knowr,e to any of the ancient Greeke or Latine authors, but I 
are as many other vulnerary, and other hertes found out and named by later writers. For the fit ft it hath his 
name SamcuU apotiore tmauiimmere, it is affo called Diaperjia, by ’Brmfilftu, Matthio/us, and Lchel, and by i 
Tauermtmtamu, CmfoliAet ejeimjnefelh, for Matthio/us maketh it his fourth kinde of Quinqucfolium. Fabius Co- ■ 
would referre it to the third Sideritb ofDiofiorides s but of meft writers it is generally called Saricula, 
andlome asl (aid beforecallitw^becaufe they would make the-//?>•«»»« >11^ Dicfcoridie, (fet forth in the 
tbirdClaftlsofthisworke, which is of purging plants, and 23 Chapter, under the title of He//c£c™ x,_ 
mcuUfoiumajor ,the great purging SanicleJ to be theftmitut. ) t is called by the Italian Samcola, by the C,er- 
mattn mdThttch Samkel, by the French panicle, and by us Sanickle. The other was firft called Pingmcuia by 
cjner r,, defenpt,one mortisfralli,mi from him all others doc fo call it: fome alfo with us SamcuUpborMentis, 
becaule itgrowethfo plentifully in 71 wkejhire-. Lugdunenfis calleth it Cucullata, andthirketh it may beCrias Apu- 
]!’ /. r .“ wn 8** ir . t0 be Deebcatheon TVwpothers LinguUPHni ]jand fome, as Gefner Viola humidaaut palufiris 
Mnmu in putting it among his Sanicules calleth it SamcuU monttma jlore calcari donata. We in Englijh doe calf 
it Burterwort, and Cutter roote, becaufe of the vntluofitie ofthe leaves, or elfe of fatning as Gerard faith, but 
untruely.for t hey call it white rot and not white roote as Gerard faith, for the Country people doe thinke their 
ineepe will catch the rot, if for hunger they fhouldeate thereof, and therefore call it the white rot, of the co- 
om of cne herbe, as they have another they call the red rot, which is Fcdicularit red Rattle. The third is called 
amenta montava altera by Chtjiw , and A/pina,tmdguttata by Gamerarius and others, by Lobel Gariophr/latafive 
T\ ,M T- rcccmior ’' m f 0,io hederaceo. 1 be fourth Matthidlm called C°rtufa having received it from Cortufm, 
mi reckoneth i t among the Ayers, and thereupon Lobel calleth it CaryophjHataVeronenJittmfioreSaniculs urjtmc- 
npia calleth it his firft Sankulamontana, and others Alpina: The laft tor fome refemblance was called Cortrsfa 
by the French, and Americana added to diftinguifh it. 
The Vertices. 
San.de is bitter in tafte, and thereby is heating and drying in the fecond degree, it is aftringent alfo, and there-' 
nWhZa~"t S fi 0 l d , COh L'“Ugreene wounds fpeedily, orany ulcers, impoftumes, or bleedings inwardly s it 
noth wonderfully helpe thofe that have any tumour in their bodies in any part, for it repreffeth the humours, and 
„, 5 ?r ' , ’ - the 5 e coflion or juice thereof be taken, or the powder in drinke, and the juice ufed out- 
Zr Vu’ tol ' there ' s b otfol "’'d any herbe that can give fudiprefent helpe, either to man or beaft, when the dif- 
ealetalleth upon the lungs or throate, and to hcale up all the maligne putride or (linking ulcers ofthe mouth, 
roa, andpnvittes, by gargling or waflamg with the decoftion of the leaves and roote made in water, anda 
= h °ny Fut thereto ; it helpeth to ftay womens courfes, and all other fluxes of blood, either by the mouth, 
ne,or 00 e, and laskes of the belly, the ulceration ofthe kidneyes alfo and the paines in the bowels, andthe 
{ ri " lnln s ofthe reynes, being boy led in wine or water and drunke, thefamealfoisnoleflepower- 
!■’ tohtlpeany ruptures or burflingsufed both inwardly and outwardly : and briefely it is as effcfluall inbin- 
dmgreltraining.confo idating heating drying, and healing, as Comfrcy, Bugle, or Selfeheale, or any other 
t the Confounds or vulnerary berbes whatfoever. Eutterwortis as one writeth to me a vulnerary herbe, of 
great elfeeme with many, as well for the rupture in Children as to heale greene wounds; the Country people 
that live where it groweth; doeufe to annomt theirhands when they arechapt by the winde, or when their 
KtnesVdders are fwollen by the biting of any virulent worme, or otherwife hurt.chapt or rift, the poorer fort 
o peop e ui a cs make a Syrupe thereof, asisofRofes, and therewith purge themlelves and their children: 
they put it likewife into their broths for the fame purpofe which purgeth flegme eflreftually : they alfo with th c 
fitfons Aere of "Md ac 3 ' 1 ^*t tmtnt finSMlar eood againft the obftruaions ot the liver, experienced by fome Phy- 
Chap. XXIX. 
-’primula verb praterfi, & fylveftris. Primrofes and Cowflips.' 
p-rfb; f^ crc f § reat a variety in thefe forts of plants, Primrofes and Cowflips, whercunto for likeneffe 
KKSSl l>ot h in forme and quality,is to be joyned the little army of Auricula Ecares cares, (or French 
Ej£j§?} fjowflips) as they are called, efpecially in the various colours oftheir’ flowers, that to deferibe 
Et^f “ lem aI1 againe,would but too much augment this volume,I will therfore here but give you fome 
kf'ijakSaTO figures ot thofe, deferibed fully in my former Booke, and the relation of fuch others as have 
fince the publilhing thereof come to our knowledge. 
I. Primula verisTurcicaTretdefcanti flore purpureo . TradefcartsTnr hie purple Primrofe. 
The leaves of this Primrofe are fo like unto other Primrofes, that they can very hardly be diftinguifhed untill 
the flowers appeare, but the chiefeft difference in the leaves is, that they are fomewhat longer, rounder pointed 
and a little reddifh at the very bottome of the leaves; the flowers are as large as any other Primrofe or rather 
larger, made of five leaves like unto them, but of a delicate violet purple colour, the bottome of them yellow, 
circled 
