Tr i b & 16. The Theater of Plants. Cha p.97. 1541 
I which is like our Tarre, and taken in the lame manner from it, for they of Syria make Pitch of this Cedar, as 
alio of the Oxyccdrw the prick cly Ccdar,as we in Europe do of the Pine and TW^that is,cut into ftickes to burne 
1 this liquour commeth firft from it in the burning, which is of that forte and efficacy, that in Egipt they did be- 
fmcare the dead bodies therewith fundry times, which preferved them perpetually from putrefa&ion, foi being 
1 of a cauftifke quality, it did feedc upon, and conlume the moifture in the carkafe, and fo kept it from putrefy¬ 
ing, but divers have confounded both the Ccdri* and the Cedrium together, and the pitch likewife calling them 
promifeuoufly, fome while Cedria, or Oleum Ccdrinnm^ which is Cedreleon ex malts Cedriy faith Pliny, and at other 
times Cedrium, when as properly Cedria is the Lachrymacrud* Cedriy or refine Cedri , and the Cedriumis % the /’i.t 
liquid* Cedri t and the pitch it leltc is Pix Cedrin*, yet both the Cedria, and the Cedrium arc of one operation : 
They in Syria, by Pliny his words in making pitch hereof, and of the l urpintine tree did ufe a kinde of furnace, 
wherein they piled their ftickes,and made a fire round about the furnace, but put no fire within it, as we in Eu¬ 
rope doe,in.making pitch,as 1 fhall (hew you hereafter, when 1 come to fpeake of the pine and pitch trees .Bello- 
niws faith that of any of the Refinous trees as well as of the Cedar is made Cedriety which both Alatthiolus andZag- 
dunenfis doc worthily reprehend for fo manifeft an errour: 1 he Vertues and properties whereof are fet downc 
before,and needc not a repetition here againe. 
2. 1 he Oxjcedrw or great prickly Cedar tree giveth a certainc dry Roflin or Gumme as it is called, fomewhat 
like unto the Mafticke, but that the graines are long, and of a more yellovvifh colour, but fo dry if it be chewed 
betweene the teeth, that it will not be wrought into a pafte like Mafticke : but will be as a pouther in the mouth 
continually.* this I take is called Gum Iuniperi, m the Apothecaries fhoppes, and Vernix alfo, and Sand*r*ch 
likewife, becaufe the tree is fo like unto Iuniper, and Lugduner.fis faith that both the gum of luniper, and of 
the Oxyeedrus are called Vernix. Hereof is made a molt (linking l arre,called by the French htiilc deC*de 3 when 
as they make pitch of the wood,as they do of the pine and pitch trees.This is moft likely to be the l weet Cedar of 
the 'Bermudas. 3. Refine Laricee, The Larch tree Reflins. 
The Larch tree yeeldcth likewife two forts of Roflin,one breaking out at the chinkes of the barke on the body 
and elder boughes,which is deere and white like unco white dryed Turpintine, and fmellech rcalonable well, 
which will not be kept in drops, but will runne together into lumpes, untill in time it will grow dry and hard. 
It yeeldeth forth alfo a liquid Roflin, when the tree is bored to the heart as is before faid, yeat e after yeare, one 
or other, but not the fame trees every yeare, one hole above another for eighth or tenne footc above the ground, 
which when they have fo done on onefide, they doe fo to another, ftill doling up the holeclofewithapinne or 
wedge, this yeeldeth faith Pliny 3 lib.i 6 c.io- aliquourof the thicknefl'c ofthinnehony, which never groweth 
hard, and againe in another place he faith, The Larch tree yeeldeth forth a thinne Roflin of the colour of hony, 
fmelling ftrong,nocwirhftanding chat he had faid that it burneth no more then a done, nor yet maketh any coalcs® 
Vitruvius alio lib. 24. c. 6 . faith the Larch tree yeeldeth a liquid Roflin of die colour of the hony of Athens, 
which is good for thofe that have a ptificke : but in that they lay it was of the colour of hony, you mnft not un¬ 
derhand the colour of our red hony, but inch as that Country of Athens gave, which was nothing fo high colou¬ 
red as ours, and which 1 do in part beleeve, led by divers reafons, to thinke, that that liquid Roflen which flow- 
eth out of'the Firre tree, being fomewhar. neare the colour of our hony was the Turpentine tiled formerly in the 
Apothecaries (hops but as oMatthiolus aflurethus, the cleaie white Turpentine that is in moft ufe in the Apothe¬ 
caries fhoppes for inward medecincs, and called Venice Turpentine (in imitation or the true Turpentine which 
commeth out of the Turpentine tree, as divers Liqueurs are called Ballames, in imitation of tile true Baflame ) is 
taken from the Larch tree,whole properties are declared before. 
4. *De Re jin* Pmi } & Pice a. Of the Rollins,of the Pine trce,and of the Pitch, 
The Pine tree yeeldeth forth a kinde of fatty or gummy Roflin, that isof a whitiih yellow colour, madcup 
with a great deale of drofle for the moft part, and but little cleane Roflin in feverall parts to be feene in it,which 
doth quickely become dry, and to be made into pouther, fmelling fomevi hat llrong and fwcetc, and is our or¬ 
dinary or common Francumfence that is ufually burned in lioufesand chan bers, to aire and perfume them, called 
ado farroffitty and in (hops Refim pun in France Garipot : this Roflin runneth out of the trees of it owne accord, 
andefpeciaily as Mattbiolus and Lngdunenfis fay,out ofthe Cermolo or Teda t as being the Iwceteft, and falling 
upon the ground, is gathered from thence with what drofle it hath gathered into it in the fpreading, and fo put 
up with whatlocver Uickech to thebarkes of the trees likewife, whereby it becommeth fo foule as we have ir, 
and therefore had neecie to be melted and drained before it beufed, and then will grow hard and fit to be ufed, 
there is a kinde of dry Roflin alio gathered from the nuts or apples called Refina Strobilina, which (palen maketh 
the chiefeft and bell of all other Roflins, although Biofcondes maketh it the iaft and word. It yeeldeth no other 
liquid Roflin that I can learne *. buc from it and the forts thereof, before it tame into Ted* as after,buc efpecially 
then, as having moft (tore of pitchy matter in it, is made the beft pitch and moft (lore, and is made in Europe % 
where the trees grow, lome what after the manner of making charcoalcs with us; For having prepared a place 
for the purpqfc, paved in the middle,and railed up alfo a litde, with a trench round about it,for the pitch to runne 
into, they pile up the ftickes and cloven wood, letting them upright to a fufficient heighth and breadth, this pile 
or heape they cover with the branches of the tree, plathed dole together, and very well limed or lomed on the 
outfide.quiceall over, that no chinkebe therein, for if any happen it muft be prefently (topped with lome, that 
no flame or fume paffc out thereat,for fcare oflooflng all, and onely one hole left below, where the fire is to be 
kindled,which alio muft be flopped up after the fire is well kindled, and that the liquour beginnethto runne in¬ 
to the trench, which muft have feverall gutters from it to be led from thence into others fit to receive the pitch 
as it runneth out: the Tarre and water with it runneth firft out, which is kept together, and the pitch that com- 
tncthoutafterbyitfelfe, and then barrells are filled up with them feverally: the thinner liquour is called fix 
liquid* in Lacine,and to-gsTn Greeke, and when it is boylcd againe and made harder triosa. Zn&smd mMporiam 
Tix aridavelficcxy and recotta t but the Pijfa/pbaltum is a bituminous or hard pitch, taken out of the earth, and 
was ufed to be melted with Tarre to temper ir,and make it (erviceable for fliips. The Vertues whereof being not 
fpecified before, fhall be (hewed hereafter in the end of the Chapter. 
$. Refinance*. The pitch tree Roflin. 
The pitch tree likewife thrufteth forth a whitifh Roflin gathered betweene the barke and the tree, and bTcaking 
