52 
existing. Similar ones, but in a ruinous condition, are to be seen at Hatton House, a few miles from 
Edinburgh. In this case there is a fall in the ground and the garden-house was raised, and the 
lower part used as a tool house, the structure being conveniently near the kitchen garden. Those at 
Kinross House, illustrated on Plate 82, are also placed in a somewhat similar position, and with their 
quaint roofs lend a picturesque air to the forecourt. 
On Plate 90 are two good examples from the neighbourhood of Bath, which in all probability were 
designed by the same architect. The one from Belcombe Brook is placed on a slight mound, 
surrounded by water and shelters a lead figure of Perseus which is shown on this plate. The 
octagonal summer-house from Iford Manor has a series of well proportioned Ionic pilasters with carved 
caps. At present it is roofed with thatch, while the interior is panelled, and has a fireplace on one side. 
The gazeebo was another variety of summer-house. The origin of the term is obscure, but it was 
applied to those garden-houses which were built in a corner position overlooking the garden on one side 
and the road on the other. A good example from Westbury Court is shown on Plate 55, and another 
from Beckington on Plate 92. The latter is a small square brick building with stone quoins and a 
handsome pedimented doorway. At the apex of the stone slate roof is a small finial. The other example, 
on the same plate, is from the little Dutch garden at Nun Moncton near York. It is placed at the end 
of a walk lined with lead figures (some of which are shown on Plate 108), and clipped yews, and its 
double-domed roof is richly covered with lichen. The window on one side overlooks the trim bowling- 
green, and from that on the other a picturesque corner of the River Ouse. 
Although hardly coming under the designation of summer-houses, the fishing lodge and banqueting 
house may here be mentioned. These were to be met with in many gardens ; one at Beckett Park near 
Shrivenham, which was designed by Inigo Jones, is charmingly situated overlooking a lake, with broad 
eaves overshadowing a small balcony. At Dovedale in Derbyshire is a similar building, though some¬ 
what later in date, known as Isaac Walton’s fishing-house. 
Besides the garden-houses, arbours were frequently formed of clipped yew. Such a one still exists 
at Canons Ashby, probably dating from the end of the seventeenth century. The example at Levens 
Hall known as “The Judge’s Wig” is a little later. 
DOVECOTES AND PIGEON-HOUSES. 
PLATES 93, 93*. 
DOVECOTE or pigeon-house, also designated a columbary, was formerly considered 
to be one of the most necessary of the numerous small buildings surrounding a 
country house, and although, strictly speaking, it was considered as outside the range 
of garden buildings, and more appertaining to the farmyard, yet occasionally it was 
to be found within the garden walls, and was then frequently made a most 
picturesque and appropriate addition, as is well shown on Plate 93, where an example 
at Shipton Court, with its picturesque little lantern and wrought-iron weather 
At Basing House an octagonal dovecote still exists in an angle of the old garden 
wall that so long withstood the siege of Cromwell’s troops. 
There was in those days hardly a manor-house without its columbary or pigeon-house, and pigeons 
formed a very important source of food supply. The right to keep them was strictly confined to the 
lords of manors, and any who infringed these rights were severely dealt with. 
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