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old garden, which was founded in 1632 for the advancement of the study of botany. They are nearly 
eighteen feet high to the top of the cornice, and each supports a massive stone vase with a bouquet of 
fruit and flowers. The well-known gateway from St. John’s College, Cambridge, is an excellent example 
situate at one end of the picturesque old bridge which gives entrance to the college. The piers are of 
stone, delightfully toned by age, and they support heraldic beasts, with further armorial bearings 
carved below. The iron gates themselves are very fine. The remaining example on Plate 102 is from 
Belton House in Lincolnshire, and is situate at the end of the avenue on the west side of the house. 
It is 13 feet 6 inches in height. Between the cornice and necking, and immediately below, are small 
flutings in the stone. 
Plate 103 shows a gateway in the gardens of Stoneleigh Abbey, Warwickshire, with a magnificent 
pair of wrought-iron gates ; the piers support leaden vases which, owing to the action of the sun, have 
almost lost their original shape. The other example on this plate is from Sydenham in Devonshire, 
and leads to the porch on the south side of the house; a charming vista is obtained through the old 
gate across the forecourt. 
Other examples of gateways and piers may be found on Plate 7, where the interesting series from 
Canons Ashby are illustrated, and on Plates 36 and 37 which give a view and scale drawings of the 
“ Flower Pot” and other gates from Hampton Court, also on Plate 94, which shows one of the piers at 
the entrance to the forecourt of old Claverton Manor, and Plate 120, where the small piers in the 
balustrade at Brympton are illustrated. 
KNOTS AND PARTERRES. 
PLATES 104, 105. 
N the laying out of a garden much may depend upon the shape and disposition of 
beds in a parterre, or the arrangements of paths in a grass-plot, and the series of 
designs shown on Plates 104 and 105, which are taken from a quaint old book 
preserved amongst the Harleian Manuscripts, at the British Museum, will no doubt 
prove of service to those in search of suggestion for such forms. The book from 
which they are drawn evidently formed part of the stock in trade of some 
eighteenth-century garden designer, and the many excellent designs it contains— 
there are more than a hundred—were obviously intended to be used mostly for grass-plots, although 
they are equally applicable to flower-beds. 1 The designs are of quite a simple form, and are all drawn 
to fit into a square shape, but they can be easily altered to fill oblong, octagonal, or circular spaces. As 
suggestions for rose gardens, or for laying out any small enclosed space, with perhaps a sundial or 
fountain in the centre, they are particularly suitable. 
Knots were the chief adornment of the Tudor gardens, such as those which existed at Hampton 
Court, and among the quaint pictures in David Loggan’s views of Oxford and Cambridge 2 many a 
charming design may be found. These early forms are invariably the best, but their simple character 
had later on, when the French influence of Le Notre and other gardeners became predominant, to give 
1 It is interesting to note that nearly all the designs correspond with a Dutch work on gardening published in Amsterdam in 1710, 
entitled “ Twee hundert modellen van Bloem-perken.” 
• David Loggan, “ Oxonia Illustrata,” Oxford, 1675, folio; “ Cantabrigia Illustrata,” Cambridge, 1688, folio. 
