stag as he is sprinkled by the goddess and her nymphs. There is besides another pyramid of marble, 
full of concealed pipes, which spurt upon all who come within their reach.” Similar surprise fountains 
existed at Whitehall, Theobalds and Hatfield ; they were held in some favour by our ancestors, ever 
fond of a practical joke, and even Bacon did not disapprove their use. The well-known copper tree at 
Chatsworth is probably a unique example of such fountains now remaining. 
In the old gardens at Wilton designed by De Caux were several elaborate fountains, fragments of 
which may still be seen, though diverted from their original use. The example shown from a photograph 
on Plate 18 and drawn on Plate 119 stands in the centre of the Italian garden. It is surmounted by a 
graceful figure of a girl wringing the tresses of her hair. Of this figure a replica is to be seen on a fountain 
in the Villa Petraia near Florence. When the fountain is set in motion, the water trickles from the girl’s 
hair into a small marble basin, from whence it falls into a larger one, and finally into the circular pool below. 
The total height above the water line is rather more than 12 feet, and the pool is 16 feet in diameter. 
The other fountain illustrated on Plate 119 is from the Victoria and Albert Museum, South 
Kensington. It is of Italian origin, having been brought from the Palazzo Stufa at Florence. It 
is surmounted by a figure of Bacchus, and the water spurts from a small cup held in his hand into 
a white marble basin, from whence it issues through lions’ mouths, and also from amorini supporting 
the quadrangular base. The total height of this fountain is 11 feet. 
STONE BALUSTRADES. 
PLATE 120. 
N the arrangement of a stone balustrade an important point to be noticed is the 
spacing of the balusters. These should never be too crowded, and the most 
satisfactory examples are those in which the distance from centre to centre almost 
equals the height from plinth to coping. The piers dividing the groups should 
not be set too far apart, from ten to fifteen feet being a good distance, but much will 
depend on the proportion of the balusters themselves. Some illustration of this point 
will be conveyed by the examples of balustrading given on Plate 120. That from 
Drayton House, Northamptonshire, is also shown in the view given on Plate 28. It encloses the garden 
on the east side of the house, extending a distance of 175 feet between the two garden houses. The total 
height is 4 feet 9 inches, the balusters being 2 feet 7 inches high, and spaced 2 feet from centre to centre ; 
the distance between the piers is 14 feet. 
In the balustrade from Brympton Manor House, the balusters are far more closely spaced, as they 
were intended to serve as a screen for the wall which divides the forecourt from the main road. The 
wall is 6 feet in height and the balusters are 12 inches from centre to centre, and 2 feet 6 inches high. 
The other terraces on the plate are from the garden fronts of Berwick Hall in Westmorland and 
Cranborne Manor in Dorsetshire. The former has square balusters, set 2 feet 2 inches apart, and the 
intervening piers are formed of two half balusters, and are spaced at intervals of 11 feet 9 inches. The 
terrace now overlooks a meadow, for all trace of the old garden has disappeared. The terrace at 
Cranborne leads down to a delightful old garden, gay with flower-beds and grass walks. Like the one 
at Borwick Hall, it dates from the early part of the seventeenth century, and may have been designed by 
Inigo Jones, who superintended some alterations here about this time. It will be noticed that the flight 
