638 
AFRICAN GAME ANIMALS 
however, is that made by Oswald,* recently, of a tooth of 
one of the ancient hornless rhinoceroses in Miocene beds at 
Karungu on the east shore of the Victoria Nyanza. This , 
discovery seems to indicate nearly as great antiquity to the 
rhinoceros in Africa as in either Eurasia or America. The 
living species are confined to southern Asia, Sumatra, Java, 
Borneo, and Africa south of the Sahara Desert. Until very 
recently Siberia and northern Europe were the habitat of 
the woolly rhinoceros, which was contemporaneous with 
early man. The one-horned species of India and Java 
seem always to have been limited to southern Asia and the 
adjacent islands, in which region alone have fossil remains 
of allied one-horned species been found. Two-horned rhinoc¬ 
eroses, however, are found quite as wide-spread as^the 
geographical limits of the family. The African genera, 
both of which lack teeth in the front part of the jaws, are 
not met with in a fossil condition beyond the limits of 
Africa, and they no doubt represent types peculiar to the 
Ethiopian region. 
Key to the Living Genera in Africa 
Skull short, the posterior part not produced beyond the condyles; snout 
produced into a pointed lip; nape of neck normal in 
outline; teeth without the cement layer and with 
deep ridges on the inner side separated by open val¬ 
leys; the first premolar persisting, the cheek-teeth 
being seven on each side; base of first horn rounded 
in front. Diceros 
Skull greatly lengthened, the posterior part produced far beyond the 
condyles; snout ending square in front, the mouth 
being broadly truncate; nape of neck marked by a 
prominent fleshy hump; teeth with a thick cement 
* I 9 I 3 * Journ. E. Africa and Uganda Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. Ill, No. 6, p. 4. 
