HOOK-LIPPED OR BLACK RHINOCEROS 641 
of the northern base of Kenia, where, however, they were 
hard to see. They prefer dry country, although they need 
to drink freely every twenty-four hours. 
Apparently the cow does not permit her old calf to stay 
with her after the new calf is born. We never saw a cow 
with two calves of different ages (or, for the matter of that, 
of the same age); yet many times we saw a cow followed 
by a half-grown or more than half-grown beast that must 
have been several years old. Generally we found the bulls 
solitary and the cows either solitary or followed by their 
calves. Occasionally we found a bull and cow, or a bull, 
cow, and calf, together. There is no regular breeding time; 
the calf may be produced at any season. It follows its 
mother within a very few days, or even hours, of its birth, 
and is jealously guarded by the mother. When very young 
any one of the bigger beasts of prey will pounce on it, and 
instances have been known of a party of lions killing even 
a three parts grown animal. The adult fears no beast of 
the land, not even the lion, although it will usually move 
out of the elephant’s way. Yet the crocodile, or perhaps a 
party of crocodiles, may pull a rhino under water and drown 
it. Mr. Fleischman, of Cincinnati, not merely witnessed 
but photographed such an incident, in the Tana River, 
where the rhinoceros was seized by the hind leg as it stood 
in the water, could not reach the bank, and after a pro¬ 
longed struggle was finally pulled beneath the surface. Such 
an occurrence must be wholly exceptional; for the rhi¬ 
noceros shows no hesitation in approaching deep water, not 
merely drinking but bathing in it. 
The animals are fond of wallowing in mud holes, and 
also at times in dusty places. Often the dung will be 
