662 
AFRICAN GAME ANIMALS 
noceroses in various parts of equatorial and central Africa 
outside of the ranges here designated. Such records have 
all been found to be due to mistaken identity or confusion 
with the black species. The best known of such instances 
are the references of Speke, Grant, and Stanley to white 
rhinoceroses in Karagwe, German East Africa. The first 
Nile specimen to reach Europe was a skull collected by 
Major A. St. H. Gibbons, near Lado Station in 1900. This 
specimen was sent to Mr. Oldfield Thomas of the British 
Museum for examination, and upon its identification cre¬ 
dence was given to the records of occurrence in Karagwe 
by the early explorers. More recent investigation, however, 
has shown these earlier reports to be erroneous. The race 
was named by Lydekker several years after Major Gibbons’s 
discovery from the evidence furnished by skulls collected 
by Major Powell-Cotton near the station of Lado. The 
differences detected by Lydekker, greater width of the 
nasal boss and its more forward projection, are sexual 
characters confined to the male and are of no racial value. 
The Nile race resembles very closely, in external appear¬ 
ance and size, the southern race which formerly inhabited 
the territory lying between the south bank of the Zambesi 
and the north bank of the Orange Rivers. It differs, how¬ 
ever, by the possession of a flatter dorsal outline to the 
skull, owing to the lesser production of the occipital crests 
above the dorsal plane, and by the smaller size of the teeth. 
The measurements of skulls of the two races show them to 
be of practically the same bodily size. The largest known 
skull in bulk is one secured in the Lado Enclave by Kermit 
Roosevelt, but this one exceeds only slightly the largest 
preserved one from South Africa. 
It has been said by first-rate observers that the square¬ 
mouthed rhinoceros is of exactly the same color as the 
hook-lipped rhinoceros. This did not seem to us to be the 
case when we saw the square-mouthed rhinos living; they 
seemed to be of a perceptibly lighter gray, which under 
certain conditions of sky-effect and sun-angle seemed very 
light indeed, although as dark as the ordinary rhino when 
