40 cxy. piperaceje. [Piper. 
Thaiping Waterfall. Penang, Batu Feringhi (Curtis). Lankawi. 
Distrib. Java. 
(34) P. chaba Hunter, As. Res. ix. 391; Hook. fit. F.B.I. v. 
83. 
A climbing glabrous pepper, rather fleshy. Leaves oblong, 
ovate or lanceolate acuminate, base round unequal, cordate; nerves 
at base 3, with 2 pairs from midrib, 5 to 7 in. long, 2-5 to 2-75 in. 
wide; petioles *25 to -5 in. long. Peduncles *5 to 1 in. long. 
Fruiting spikes cylindro-conic, widest at base, bright red, 1 to 
3 in. long, -25 in. through. Drupes very small, globose sunk. 
Hab. Cultivated, Singapore, Bukit Mandai, a large-leaved form 
(Bakek Hutan), Malacca (Griffith, Maingay). Distrib. Malay isles. 
Native name : Bakek. Use : The dried fruits used as a substitute 
for Sirih in voyages, sold in all the bazaars. 
Hunter gives the name and use as above (Bakee, Baci) for his P. siriboa 
and Chaba tadi for P. chaba. 
(35) P. Betle Linn. Sp. PI. i. 28; C. DC. Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 
l.c. 311; Bot. Mag. t. 3132. 
Glabrous climber. Leaves fleshy, ovate acuminate, base round 
or elliptic sometimes unequally bilobed, 6 in. long, 3 in. wide; 
nerves elevate beneath, about 5 to 7; petioles *5 to 1 in. long. 
Peduncles 1 in. long, male spikes cylindric, blunt. Female spikes 
2 in. long, -25 in. thick, blunt grey. Ovary embedded in rachis. 
Hab. Cultivated extensively and often found in abandoned clear¬ 
ings. Native names : Sirih; Sirih China, with leaves light green; 
Sirih Malayu; Sirih Hudang, leaves dark green with the nerves 
red. Use : For chewing with betel-nut. 
(35) P. argyrites Ridl. in C. DC. Rec. Bot. Suru. Ind. vi. 25 ; 
Journ. As. Soc. Beng. l.c. 333. P. nigrantherum C. DC. Rec. Bot. 
Surv. Ind. l.c. 20; Journ. As. Soc. Beng. l.c. 338. 
A stout climber; stem 1 in. through. Leaves glabrous, oblong- 
ovate acutely acuminate, base round, slightly unequal, light green, 
with pale or white spots, plain green when adult, 7-nerved, midrib 
emitting 1 pair of nerves; 6-5 in. long, 2-4in. wide; petioles *4 in. 
long, sheathing to middle. Peduncles -6 in. long. Male spikes 3-2 
in. long; rachis hirsute. Bract obovate. Stamens 2, reniform. 
Female plant unknown. Hab. Selangor, Batu Caves; Ginting 
Bidai (Ridley). Use: The wild tribes use the bark peeled off in 
strips for chewing with betel-nut. 
Cultivated specimens from the Botanic Gardens, Singapore, were described 
by C. DeCandolle as P. nigrantherum, where it had been known as P. argyrites 
for many years. 
(37) P. sarmentosum Roxb. FI, Ind. Ed. Car. i. 162; C. DC. 
Journ, As. Soc. Beng. l.c. 308. Piper longum Hook. fil. F.B.I. 
l.c, 83, not oj Linne. 
Glabrous, creeping terrestrial herb about 8 in. tall. Leaves 
thin, dark green, ovate, deeply equally cordate, lobes round; 
