Pisonia .] 
CIX. NYCTAGINE.E. 
3 
(1) P. aculeata Linn, Sft. PL 1026; Hook. fit. F.B.I. iv. 711. 
A long woody climber with axillary recurved spines. Leaves 
elliptic acuminate, base cuneate, 2 to 3 in. long, 1*5 in. wide; 
petioles -25 in. long. Cymes dense, corymbose, 1-5 in. long! 
Flowers greenish white, -i in. long. Males campanulate, females 
ovoid. Fruit panicle spreading; fruits narrow clubbed, 5-ribbed 
muricate, -5 in. long, sticky, on pedicels 75 in. long. Hah. Gener¬ 
ally near the sea, in dry spots, Perlis, rocks of Bukit Lagi near 
Kanga, Distrib. Tropics generally. 
(2) P. excelsa Bl. Bijdr. 735; Hook. fil. F.B.I. iv. 711. 
Tree about 40 ft. tall, unarmed. Leaves opposite alternate or 
whorled, large dark shining green, elliptic, narrowed to base 
and tip; nerves about 6 pairs; 6 to 12 in. long, 2-25 to 4 in. wide ; 
petioles 1 in. long. Flowers numerous in a panicle 3 in. long and 
wide, small, greenish white. Males cylindric, 1-25 in. long. Fruit 
cylindric, 1-25 in. long, grooved, very sticky. Hah. Woods at 
base of limestone rocks, Perak, Kwala Dipang (Ridley). Distrib. 
Andaman and Malay isles. 
Order CX. AMARANTACE.E. 
Herbs, rarely shrubby. Leaves opposite or alternate. Flowers 
very small in terminal, simple or panicled spikes, or cymes. Bracts 
and 2 bracteoles scarious. Sepals 5, stiff, imbricate in bud. Stamens 
1 to 5, opposite sepals, filaments free or connate. Ovary i-celled; 
styles 1 to 3; ovules 1 or more. Fruit an utricle rarely a berry 
or capsule within or on the persistent sepals. Seed orbicular or 
ovate. Species nearly 500, chiefly tropical. 
Leaves alternate; anthers 2-celled; ovary 2- to 
many-ovuled. 
Shrubby; fruit a berry; flowers in long spikes . 
Herb; fruit membranous; flowers in a short 
spike; bracts large ..... 
Leaves alternate; anthers 2-celled; ovary i-ovuled. 
Flowers capitate bisexual ..... 
Flowers unisexual in panicled clusters 
Leaves opposite; anthers 2-celled. 
Flowers 1 to 3 perfect surrounded by deformed 
ones. 
Stamens with interposed staminodes 
Flowers all perfect, no staminodes 
Flowers all perfect, with staminodes. 
Sepals hyaline woolly ..... 
Sepals spiny ...... 
Leaves opposite; anthers 1-celled; ovary i-ovuled. 
Prostrate decumbent plant with axillary heads 
Erect plant hairy with globose white or red 
terminal heads ...... 
1. Deeringia 
2. Celosia 
3. Allmania 
4. Amaranthus 
5. Cyathula 
6. PsiLOTRICHUM 
7. Aerua 
8. Achyranthes 
9. Alternanthera 
10. Gomphrena 
