Elateriospcrmum .] cxxvm, euphorbiaceje. 253 
irib. Sumatra, Java. Native name: P'rah. Use: The seed is 
eaten, and furnishes an important food supply to the Sakais. 
26. ALEURITES, Forst. 
Trees with stellate or simple tomentum. Leaves alternate 
entire or 3- to 7-lobed; petioles biglandular at the top. Flowers 
white in lax terminal panicled cymes. Male flowers; calyx sub- 
globose bursting into 2 or 3 valvate lobes. Petals 5, longer. 
Stamens 8 to 20 on a conic receptacle, five outer ones opposite 
the petals with small glands between them. Female flowers; 
perianth as in male. Ovary 2- to 5-celled; ovules 1 in a cell. 
Styles with 2 linear stout arms. Fruit large fleshy. Species 4, 
Asia and Pacific. 
A. cor data Mull,, a Chinese and Japanese shrub with large white flowers 
and ovate cordate leaves was formerly in cultivation in the Botanic Gardens, 
Singapore, but only one or two plants. 
(1) A. moluccana Willi. Sp. Pl. iv. 590; Hook. fil. F.B.I. 
v. 384 - 
Tree about 60 ft. tall, stem 15 to 20 in. through. Leaves ovate 
or ovate-lanceolate, 3 to 6 in. long, 2-5 to 3 in. wide and larger 
leaves strongly trilobed, 8 in. long, 9 in. wide; petioles 2*5 to 6 in. 
long. Panicles dense, 4 in. long and a little wider. Flowers very 
numerous, white scurfy puberulous. Calyx -i in. long, splitting 
into 2 or 3 lobes, puberulous. Corolla longer, -5 in. across. Fruit 
2 to 2-5 in. long, sub-globose fleshy olive coloured, putamen very 
hard and thick. Seeds 1 or 2. Hab. Sea-coasts, wild and often 
planted. Singapore (planted). Malacca (Griffith and Maingay). 
Perak, Ulu Kerling and Gunong Pondok on limestone rocks at 
1000 to 1500 ft. altitude (Kunstler). Penang Coast (Curtis). 
Kelantan, Kwala Lebir. Distrib. Malay and Polynesian islands. 
Native names : Buah Keras; Camiri Nuts; Candle Nuts; Singa¬ 
pore Nuts. Use : For oil for burning. 
The seeds are common in sea-drift, and the plant is typically a seashore 
plant; in inland stations it is usually planted. 
27. JATROPHA, Linn. 
Shrubs or small trees or herbs often glandular. Leaves alter¬ 
nate, entire or digkately lobed. Stipules often ciliate. Flowers 
in terminal cymes, the central one in the cyme or fork usually 
female. Male flowers; sepals 5, imbricate often petaloid. Petals 
5, contort free or connate. Disc entire or of 5 glands. Stamens 
many; filaments of all or only the inner ones connate. No pistil- 
lode. Females, perianth as in male. Ovary 2- to 4-celled; 
ovules 1 in a cell. Styles connate below bifid, lobes entire or 
bilobed. Capsule of 2 to 4 bivalved cocci; endocarp crustaceous 
or bony. Seeds ovoid or oblong. Species about 70, chiefly 
American, two of which have established themselves here. 
Shrub 6 to 8 ft. tall; leaves 3-to 5-lobed; flowers yellow (1) J. curcas 
Shrub 2 to 3 ft. tall; leaves 3- to 5-lobed, serrate; 
flowers dark red . (2) J. gossypifolia 
