Alchornea.] 
CXXVIII. EUPHORBIACEiE. 
2 77 
42 . ALCHORNEA, Swartz. 
Shrubs or trees pubescent. Leaves alternate entire or toothed, 
stipellate and usually glandular at the base. Flowers in terminal 
or axillary spikes or racemes simple or panicled apetalous. No 
disc. Male flowers; calyx globose splitting into 2 to 4 valvate 
segments. Stamens 6 to 8 or indefinite; filaments free or connate 
at base. No pistillode. Female flowers; sepals 3 to 6 , imbricate. 
Ovary 2- or 3-(rarely 4-)celled. Styles linear often very long entire 
or bifid. Capsule of 2 or 3 bivalved cocci crustaceous. Seeds 
sub-globose. Species about 50, all tropics, rarest in Asia. 
Leaves stipellate; styles filiform. 
Hairy on branches and leaves beneath. 
Female racemes several, 6 in. long . . (i) A. viflosa 
Female racemes solitary, 1*5 in. long . . (2) A. tilieefolia 
Branches tomentose , . . . ■ * (3) A. adenophila 
Branches pubescent; leaves nearly glabrous, lan¬ 
ceolate dentate . . . • ■ * (4) A. rhodophylla 
Leaves elliptic not stipellate; whole plant glabrous; 
styles flattened . . • ■ • • (5) A. javensis 
(1) A. villosa Miill. Arg. in Linncea , xxxiv.; in DC. Prod. 
xv. (2), 902; Hook. fil. F.B.I. v. 420. 
Bush, pubescent or tomentose all over except the upper side 
of the leaves. Leaves membranous ovate acuminate serrulate, 
base round with 2 short subulate stipels; nerves 7 pairs, 1 or 2 
pairs from the base, above midrib and nerves pubescent; 3 to 6 in 
long, 1-5 to 3 in. wide; petioles -i in. long in small leaves to 4 in. 
long’ in large ones. Male racemes slender axillary, 3 in. long, 
pubescent hairy. Flowers minute in distant clusters. Sepals 
2 or 3. Stamens 8. Female racemes terminal, 6 in. long, stout, 
1 to 6 in a panicle. Flowers much larger, including the stipes 
‘5 to 75 in. long. Sepals and bracts about 12 lanceolate acuminate, 
hairy. Ovary glabrous; styles twice as long, 3 linear connate 
about half-way. Capsule globose, slightly 3-lobed, glandular 
glabrous, -3 in. through. Seed oblong plano-convex pustular 
shining brown, -15 in. long. Hab. Common in woods and thickets. 
Singapore, Reservoir woods; Bukit Mandai. Johor, Castlewood; 
Kota Tinggi. Malacca, common (Griffith); Bukit Sabukor; Ayer 
Panas; Ching. Negri Sembilan, Gunong Berumbun (Cantley). 
Perak,’Temengoh ; Thaiping (Wray). 
var. glabrala Hook. fil. l.c. Almost completely glabrous, young 
parts, midrib beneath, and inflorescence only being pubescent. 
Hab. Penang, foot of the Hill (Curtis). Dislrib. Sumatra and Java. 
Native names : Ramin bukit; Ramin hitam or Bulan; Sumin 
Jantan. Use : Bast for string. 
(2) A. tilisefolia Miill. Arg. in Linncea , xxxiv. 168; Hook, 
fd. F.B.I. v. 421. 
Shrub; branches and young parts pubescent; young leaves 
tomentose. Leaves membranous ovate serrate or nearly entire, 
