Aniiarts .] cxxix. urticaceas. 
35t 
of many bracts. Perianth o. Ovary adnate to involucre; style 
2-armed. Drupe fleshy. Species 3 or 4, Africa, Indo-Malaya. 
(1) A. toxicaria Lesch. Ann. Mus. Rar. xvi. 478, t. 22; Hook, 
fil. F.B.I. v. 537; Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 11, t. 17; Benn. PI. Jav. Rar. 
52, t. 13; Bl. Rumphia, i. 56, t. 22 and 23. 
Big tree over 100 ft. tall and several feet through; branchlets 
hairy. Leaves coriaceous oblong or elliptic, blunt or apiculate, 
entire or serrulate, scabrid, glabrous or hairy beneath; nerves 
slender, elevate; 4 to 8 in. long, 1 to 2-5 in. wide; petioles *x in. 
long. Male receptacles 3 to 4 together, -25 in. through. Fruit 
crimson, pear-shaped, velvety, sweet. Hab. Forests, Malacca, 
Naning; Tabong (Griffith); Bukit Sadanen (Goodenough). Selangor, 
Batu Caves. Perak, Plus River; Batang Padang and Ulu Selama 
(Wray), Penang, near the cemetery (Haniff). Kemaman (Vaughan- 
Stevens). Dislrib. Indo-Malaya. Native name: Ipoh (Javanese, 
Upas). Use : Latex as dart poison by the wild tribes. 
An account of the physiological action of the poison was published in 
the Agricultural Bulletin of the Malay Peninsula, Ser. i. p. 201. 
12 . ARTOCARPUS, Linn. 
Trees often very large. Leaves coriaceous, entire (lobed when 
young) or (A. superba ) pinnate. Flowers in unisexual heads or 
spikes, axillary with peltate bracts. Male spikes often cylindric, 
or globose. Perianth 2- to 4-lobed, lobes blunt. Stamen 1. 
Pistillode o. Female heads globose. Perianth tubular, connate 
with receptacle. Ovary straight; style central or lateral; stigma 
entire, rarely lobed. Fruit usually large oblong or globose receptacle 
clothed with much-enlarged fleshy perianths and carpels (antho- 
carps), the tips hard, spinous or pyramidal or truncate. Achenes 
deep sunk in the mass. Seed exalbuminous. Species about 40, 
Indo-Malaya, Polynesia. 
Cultivated only, is the bread fruit, Artocarpus incisa, Linn, fil., 
a native of Polynesia with pinnatifid leaves and globose smooth 
green fruits. The commonest form here is the Sukun, a sweet¬ 
tasting form; the typical form with no sweet taste is seldom 
cultivated as its fruits are dry and hardly eatable. The Jack, A. 
integrifolia Linn, fil., “ Nangka,” native of S. India, is very commonly 
cultivated. The leaves are entire and the fruit of very large size, 
cylindric and yellow. 
Nearly all the species have the stool leaves and seedling leaves 
strongly and variously lobed. 
Adult leaves entire simple. 
Fruit spiny, tips of anthocarps free. 
Fruit lobed; spines conic; leaf nerves few 
Fruit not lobed, globose, spines terete; fruit 
bracteate; nerves many 
Fruit globose yellow, spines sub-terete; bract o; 
nerves many, hairy beneath 
( 1 ) A. Forbesii 
(2) A. bracteata 
(3) A. rigida 
