18 
Card. Bull. Singapore 69(1) 2017 
Additional specimens examined. PENINSULAR MALAYSIA. Kedah: Gn. Inas L.R., 30 Oct 
2007, Imin FRI58583 (KEP); Gn. Keriang, 6 Nov 2009, Rafidah FRI64418 (KEP); ibidem, 
1898, Ridley s.n. (SING); Langkawi, Sep 1924, Burkill 1493 (SING); ibidem, 1978, Keng 79 
(SING); Langkawi, P. Buyong, 3 Nov 2009, Rafidah FRI 64395 (KEP); Langkawi, P. Jerkom, 17 
Nov 1941, Corner s.n. (SING); Langkawi, P. Langgun, Feb 1989, Tay 155 (SING); Langkawi, 
P. Timun, 3 Nov 2009, Rafidah FRI 64394 (KEP); Ulu Muda F.R., Gua Labua, 4 Mar 2008, 
Rafidah FRI 55687 (KEP). Kelantan: Elephant Cave, 15 May 1990, Kiew RK 2948 (KEP); Gn. 
Reng, 14 Jan 2010, Rafidah FRI 64448 (KEP); Gua Batu Boh, 4 Mar 2008, Chew FRI 58699 
(KEP); ibidem, 3 Aug 1962, UNESCO 268 (SING); Gua Ikan, 14 May 1990, Kiew RK 2940 
(SING); Gua Setir, 19 May 1990, Kiew RK 3038 (SING); ibidem, 12 Jan 2010, Rafidah FRI 
64426 (KEP); Kuala Betis, 15 Feb 2003, Kiew RK 5253A (SING); Batu Papan F.R., 9 May 
1990, Kiew RK 2885 (SING); Gua Batu Boh, Gua Chawan, 14 Mar 2000, Kiew RK 4195 
(SING); Sg. Jenera, 10 May 1990, Kiew RK 2896 (KEP); Sg. Keteh, Gua Ninik, 18 Feb 1924, 
Nur 12130 (SING); Sg. Nenggiri, P. Raba, 12 May 1990, Kiew RK 2920 (SING). Pahang: 
Kuala Lipis, 27 Apr 1996, Kiew RK 3913 (KEP); Gua Bama, 25 Aug 2008, Mohd Hairul FRI 
60062 (KEP); ibidem, 3 Apr 2008, Rafidah FRI 55728 (KEP); Gua Tipus, Oct 1927, Henderson 
SFN 19403 (SING); Taman Negara, Batu Kanok, 9 Oct 1984, Kiew RK 1505 (SING); Taman 
Negara, Batu Subuh, 5 Oct 1984, Dawn RK 1472 (KEP); ibidem, 5 Oct 1984, Dawn RK 1474 
(KEP); ibidem, 8 Oct 1984, Kiew RK 1491 (KEP); Taman Negara, Batu Kepayang, 3 Oct 1984, 
Kiew RK 1424 (KEP); Taman Negara, Bkt. Batu Luas, 2 Oct 1984, Kiew RK 1404 (KEP); 
ibidem, 11 Oct 1984, Kiew RK 1537 (KEP). 
THAILAND. 1901, Curtis 3221 (SING); Kau Hoa Kwai, Tassateng, Seidenfaden 2134 (SING). 
Notes. Microchirita involucrata is most common in the northern and eastern part of 
the Malay Peninsula, especially in Kelantan, where it replaces M. caliginosa. Unusual 
plants with whitish flowers and 4 stamens were recorded from Gunung Reng, Kelantan. 
3. Microchirita rupestris (Ridl.) A.Weber & Rafidah, Taxon 60: 779 (2011). - Chirita 
rupestris Ridl., J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 44: 60 (1905); Ridley, J. Asiat. Soc. 
Bengal 74: 766 (1908); Craib, Curtis’s Bot. Mag. 136: t. 8333 (1910); Ridley, FI. Malay 
Penins. 2: 525 (1923); Henderson, Malay. Wild FIs., Dicots. 349 (1959); Wood, Notes 
Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 201 (1974). - TYPE: Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, 
Kedah, Langkawi, November 1889, Curtis 2120 (lectotype SING [SING0042989], 
designated here by Carmen Puglisi; isolectoype SING [SING0042990]). (Fig. 2E-F, 
3E-F, 7) 
Chirita glasgovii Ridl., J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 44: 60 (1905); Ridley, J. 
Asiat. Soc. Bengal 74: 766 (1908); Ridley, FI. Malay Penins. 2: 526 (1923). - TYPE: 
Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Perak, Waterloo Estate, December 1897, Robertson- 
Glasgow s.n. (holotype SING). 
Erect, monopodial, herbaceous, short-lived plant, axillary branches sometimes present. 
Stems greenish purple or pale green, to 25 cm tall, 5 mm diameter, starting to flower 
when 2-leaved, slightly curved at the root base, finely hairy; internodes not swollen, 
5.5-8 cm long. Leaves decussate; petiole green sometimes reddish green, to 6 cm long, 
