462 XL. RHAMNEiE. [ ZizyphtiS . 
fascicled or cymose. Calyx 5-fid keeled inside, tube obconic. 
Petals 5 cucullate. Disc 5- to io-lobed, edge free. Stamens 5; 
ovary sunk in disc and confluent at base 2- to 4-celled; styles 2 
to 4. Fruit a drupe; stone 1- to 4-celled, 1- to 4-seeded. Species 60, 
temperate regions of both worlds, tropical Asia and America. 
Z. Jujuba Lam., the Jujube, Bidara of the Malays, a small tree 
with the leaves buff tomentose beneath, occurs in gardens chiefly 
in Malacca; it seldom fruits elsewhere. 
Leaves pubescent beneath. 
Spiny bush; leaves i’5 to 2 in. long; fruit 
glabrous ...... 
Climbers. 
Leaves oblong thickly pubescent 5 by 2*5 in. 
long; fruit red-woolly 1 in. long 
Leaves ovate cuspidate pubescent on nerves 
only, 2 "5 by 1 in. long; fruit glabrous, 
small ....... 
Leaves hairy above, ’5 in. long, ovate acuminate 
Leaves quite glabrous. 
Leaves ovate acuminate 2 in. long; cymes 
axillary ...... 
Leaves large oblong. 
Cymes in thyrsoid panicles; fruit tomentose . 
Cymes axillary; drupe glabrous . 
(1) Z. cenoplia Mill. Gard. Diet. No. 3 ; Hook. fil. F.B.l. i. 
634; King, l.c. 373. 
A thorny bush. Branchlets rusty-pubescent. Leaves ovate- 
lanceolate often oblique, acute entire or crenate, glabrous above 
except nerves, white or red villous beneath; nerves 3 prominent 
with numerous transverse nervules, 1*25 to 2 ’25 in. long, 7 to 
1*2 in. wide; petioles '2 to *3 in. long, tomentose. Cymes '2 in. 
long sub-sessile 12- to 15-flowered tomentose. Flowers *1 in. across, 
green. Calyx glabrescent. Disc with 10 lobes. Drupe globular 
black *25 in. through. Hab. Hedges and open country. Singapore, 
hedges in town. Pahang, Kwala Tembeling. Malacca (Griffith). 
Selangor, Rawang ; Batu Caves. Negri Sembilan, Tampin. Perak, 
Larut (Kunstler); Kwala Kangsa. Province Wellesley, Tasek 
Gelugur. Penang. Kelantan, Chaning. Lankawi (Fox). Perlis, 
Besih Hangat. Distrib. Tropical Asia and Australia. Native 
names : Akar Kuku Tupai ; A. Kuku Balam; Kukulang. 
(2) Z. Kunstleri King, l,c. 373. 
Climbing shrub, stout thorny. Shoots pubescent. Leaves 
coriaceous elliptic-oblong, sub-acute or blunt acuminate finely 
serrate, base rounded above, glabrous except nerves beneath, 
sparsely or densely tomentose, 4 to 6 in. long, 2 to 3 in. wide; 
petioles *15 to 2 in. long. Cymes 5- to 8-flowered, branched dense; 
peduncle *5 in. long, thick, densely tomentose. Flowers *25 in. 
across densely tomentose outside. Drupe ovoid, densely red- 
(1) Z. cenoplia 
(2) Z. Kunstleri 
(3) Z. elegans 
(4) Z. pernettyoides 
(5) Z. Horsfieldii 
(6) Z. calophylla 
(7) Z. affinis 
