872 
LXXI. ARALIACE^E. 
[Aralia. 
Order LXXI. ARALIACE/E. 
Trees or shrubs, often epiphytic (very rarely herbs), often 
prickly. Leaves alternate, large, compound, or simple; stipules 
adnate to petiole, or none. Flowers in umbels, racemes or heads. 
Calyx-tube adnate to ovary, limb truncate or with small teeth. 
Petals 5 (rarely 6 or 7) valvate, often deciduous in a cap. Stamens 
as many (very many in Tupidanthus) insert round an epigynous 
disc. Ovary inferior, 2-celled, or as many cells as stamens, i-celled 
in Arthrophvllum; styles as many as cells. Fruit drupaceous. 
Seed albuminous often ruminate. Species 340, chiefly tropics and 
sub-tropics, a few temperate regions {King, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 
lxvii. 42). 
Petals slightly imbricate; leaves compound; styles 
2 to 5 
Petals valvate; stamens few up to 12. 
Albumen not ruminate; ovary 4- to 5-celled 
Fruit ridged when dry; leaves usually palmate 
or digitate. 
Fruit fleshy not ribbed; flowers unisexual; 
leaves lobed ...... 
Fruit fleshy; flowers bisexual in heads; leaves 
digitate . . . . . . 
Fruit small obscurely ridged; leaves simple 
(adults) ....... 
Albumen ruminate. 
Ovary 1-celled; ovule 1; leaves pinnate or 
simple ....... 
Ovules 2; fruit 2-celled, 2-seeded; leaves 
simple ....... 
Ovary 2-celled ; leaves digitate or palmate 
Ovary 4- to 5-celled; leaves 1- to 3-foliate 
toothed ....... 
Stamens over 12 ; ovary 8 or more celled. 
Ovary 8-celled; stamens 14 to 16; leaves 
digitate, serrate 
Ovary many-celled; stamens 50 to 70; 
flowers large ...... 
1. Aralia 
2 . SCHEFFLERA 
3. Trevesia 
4. Brassaia 
5. Dendropanax 
6. Arthrophyllum 
7. Wardenia 
8. Brassaiopsis 
9. Hederopsis 
10. ScHEFFLEROPSIS 
11. Tupidanthus 
1. ARALIA, Linn. 
Shrubs, small trees (or herbs) hairy or prickly. Leaves alter¬ 
nate (or whorled) digitate, pinnate or compound ; leaflets serrate. 
Umbels in panicles or racemes or solitary, rarely in compound 
umbels; pedicels jointed under the flower. Calyx margin truncate 
or 5-toothed. Petals 5, ovate, imbricate in bud. Stamens 5. 
Ovary 2- to 5-celled; styles 2 to 5, free or connate at base. Fruit 
4- to 5-celled, 4- to 5-angled or sub-globose 2- to 3-celled albumen 
uniform. Species about 50, Indo-Malaya, Japan, N. America. 
Leaves entire or minutely serrate, tomentose beneath . (1) A. Thomsoni 
Leaves coarsely serrate with a few white hairs beneath. (2) A. armata 
Leaves almost entire, glabrous . . . . . (3) A. ferox 
