43 
Accentifera. Lef. Sicily, Corsica and Spain. June and September. 
Iota. L. Northern France, etc. June and September. 
. JVi. H. Central France and Italy. June and August. 
Gamma. L. Europe. All the year. 
The following dates, at which collections of the moths of our native 
species were made by Mr. C. E. Worthington, about Chicago, copied 
from the Canadian Entomologist of April, 1879, will be valuable m 
this connection: 
Plusia 
aerea. 
Hub. 
August and October. 
u 
contexta. 
Grote. 
August and October. 
u 
biloba. 
Steph. 
May, August and October. 
<< 
verruca. 
Fab. 
September. 
a 
dyaus. 
Grote. 
September and October. 
a 
precationis. 
Guen. 
June and October. 
i. 
ou. 
Guen. 
Sept and October. 
a 
brassicae. 
Riley. 
September and October. 
a 
oxy gramma. 
Gey. 
September and October. 
a 
simplex. 
Guen. 
June and October. 
From this it would appear that at least one species— PI. biloba —is 
three-brooded as far north as Chicago. Most of the species in this 
list have been observed by us, in the southern part of the state, but 
almost uniformly a month earlier than here given. 
The mode in which PI. brassicae passes the winter does not appear 
to have been noticed; but judging from the delicate character of the 
cocoon, the position in wh;ch it is usually found, the dates at which 
the moth is found and its apparently hardy character, it is quite 
probable that it hibernates in the perfect state. 
Remedies .—As the species has appeared but a few times in inju¬ 
rious numbers, at least in the west, and then only in limited lo¬ 
calities, no particular efforts to destroy them have been made, and no 
special experiments with topical or other remedies have been insti¬ 
tuted. It is probable the larvae are more easily killed than those of 
the cabbage butterfly, or Cabbage Pionea; but until special experi¬ 
ments are tried it is impossible to say what will be most effectual. 
The various applications mentioned in the foregoing article on the 
European Cabbage-Butterfly will suggest what may be tried on the 
caterpillars of the species now under consideration, should it become 
seriously injurious. 
Curtis suggests the employment of ducks as an aid; the same sug¬ 
gestion was made to me a short time ago, by a practical farmer, 
when speaking of the cabbage worms. Young ducks and young 
chickens would be most efficient aids, if taken away when they attain 
a size at which they commence to injure the young cabbages and 
other plants, but this is not until they are about half-grown, or near¬ 
ly large enough to fry. A brood will soon learn, as I know by ac¬ 
tual experiment, to start out together in the morning and feed across 
the garden in one direction, picking off the worms and other insects; 
then wheel and march across in the opposite direction, and so on until 
supplied. This will be repeated two or more times during the day. 
Remarks .—As some knowledge of the characteristics, preparatory 
states and habits of congeneric species, especially as the genera are 
now restricted, will aid in determining and also in forming a correct 
