10 
l 
Our native species ,—Pieris proto -. 
dice ,, (Fig. 3) is usually very abundant 
during the summer and early part of 
the fall. Last fall, as before stated 
a few specimens of the European 
species were observed; the native 
species being quite abundant; but the 
present season during which the for¬ 
mer has been very abundant the lat¬ 
ter is seldom seen. It would appear 
from this that the aggressive for¬ 
eigner, as the Caucasian among the races of men, is destined to drive 
from the held the aboriginees. 
The butterfly or perfect insect of the European species which varies 
slightly in the two sexes may be briefly described as follows: 
The general color a dull creamy white often showing a yellowish 
cast, the body black above and on the sides, head greenish-yellow; 
underside of the body yellow; antennas varied with black and white, 
the club at the end dusky except at the extreme tip, which is brown. 
The legs white. The wings of both sexes are of a creamy white 
above (but marked with black dots as hereafter noted), beneath, the 
anterior pair white except the tips which are yellow, the posterior pair 
yellow; on the upper side, the tips of the forewings are marked with 
a triangular black space; the base of both wings where they join the 
body are powdered with blue-black. The males (Fig. 1) have the anterior 
wings each marked above with a single round, black dot near the 
center; the underside has a corresponding black dot, also a smaller 
one immediately behind it, near the posterior margin is generally * 
present. 
The upper side of the posterior wings usually has a black or dusty 
dot or mark on the anterior margin near the apex; underside without 
any spot. The female (Fig. 2) differs only in having two black dots* on 
each of the anterior wings, which are usually larger than those in the 
males, and are reproduced on the underside; the base of the anterior 
wings is more widely sprinkled with the dusky shading. The hind 
wings have the outer margin regularly rounded; abdomen slender. 
Length of body about .75 inch; wings expand from 1.50 to 2 
inches; usually about 1.75 inch. 
I add here Dr. Fitch’s lengthy description of the species as ob¬ 
served by him in New York: 
“The head is coated over with straight white and black hairs of 
different lengths, the black ones less numerous on the underside. The 
eyes are large, protruberant and' hemispherical; in the living specimen 
grayish green, with four rows of movable black spots, the central spot 
being of a deeper or coal black color; in the dead specimen dull 
brown and without spots. The antennae are 0.40 long, and com¬ 
posed of thirty points, which are shorter at each end than in the 
middle. They are slender and thread-like, with the tips enlarged into 
a knob of an elongated egg-shaped form, with the larger end out¬ 
ward. Their colors are prettily arranged in new and unruffled speci¬ 
mens, the outer and undersides being white; on the upper side a con¬ 
tinuous black line; on the inner side a row of long oval dark brown 
spots, one on each joint extending from its base nearly to the tip; 
these spots separated from the black line above a slender wLite line, 
