2 
mixed witn aqual quantities of bl*ck surface soil rien in organic taut.4 
tor end was kept buried for two days before it was used.Tno cowdung 
usod was partly dry and nad/i very little of grass mixed witn it*sdbfcfcsx 
Tnooc substances wore spread on tneir respective 
beds and ligntly forked in do as to nix it with tne soil. Eteri bod 
was tnen planted witn twenty ten-days-old omar&ntnus seedlings(tno In^* 
dian spinecn)* E**@pting tne rainy days, tno beds were watered regu¬ 
larly ©very evening, kopt clean of woods and once forked cignbecn 
days after transplanting, Throughout tne experiment on© could note 
from tne sickly growth tnat tno plants were worse off due to tno opi 
urn refuse manuse tnan tno ones with no manure, tno injurious effect 
that of 
of the fresn c nando being more marked tnan t tne old one#Some plants on 
tne beds witn opium refuse died and wore replaced witn fresn ones of 
nearly equal size. A leaf roller pest occurred but tne insects wore 
nendpickcd from time* as tnsy appeared.^no plants manure^ itn chnndo. 
wore tne ones most subject to tno attacks ^ tne insects, wnilo tne 
plants manured witn cowdung manure were almost free. 
Six weeks after transplanting tne plants were carefully uprooted * 
so »o tt injure tne roots os little t-s possible, wt-snod oi«.<• re¬ 
move all tno sarin at tno roots, and wore vroignt.lt was found tnat 
tne opium refuse, fcotn old and freon, nod distinctly decreased tno 
yiald osJcould be soon by comparing tne Jfiold of tno control plot(vi- 
da Table l). An examination of tno root/ growth snowed tnat tno plant! 
witn opium refuse nod made very little of surface root growth and tm 
tnere were only a few roots which went straight downwards. Tno root 
gXXW&H . 
growth of plants manured witn old opium refuse was little better wn*n 
that of. tne plants witn freon refuse, but wee very muon poorer tnan , 
(Pv 
tne root growth of trie plants grown on cnecfr plots or beds manured 
with cowdung.Tne.ir roots too nad very little of surface root growth 
and t>root| hairs, ncirly all tne roots snowed u downward tendency. 
Tnere was very little difference' between tne root growths of plants 
grown on one ck plots and jjnooo plots manured with cowdubg) b»t £hq 
1&XIE, former nad longer surface root growth, while tno latter nad more 
lower down 
roots growihg/in tne soil. 
8 z." 
h 
Afttr tne 
rvsst of tno crop, tne p&b&xxxxxk beds wore fallowed 
