254 cxxxvii. zingiberace^e. [ Curcuma. 
(i) C. zedoaria Roscoe Scitam. t. 109; Ridl. Mat. ii. 21. C. 
zerumbet Roxb. . 4 s. Res. xi. 33; Corom. Pl. t. 101. 
Rhizome large fleshy, orange inside. Leaves paired, lanceolate 
green with a purple central splash, 18 in. long, 6 in. wide. Scape 
outside the leaf tuft; peduncle 18 in. long. Spike 6 in. long or 
more. Bracts about 20, lower ones green, tipped pink, upper ones 
lanceolate, deep crimson. Flowers 4 in a bract. Calyx *25 in. 
long, hairy. Corolla tube 1 in. long, yellowish white, lobes *5 in. 
long. Staminodes oblong. Lip oblong-obovate, bilobed yellowish, 
tipped orange. Anther spurred. Hab. Common in waste ground 
and abandoned cultivation. Singapore, Penang, Kedah. Distrib. 
India, Malay isles. Native name : Temu Kuning. 
Cultivated Species. 
C. domestica Valeton Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. xxxviii. 31. 
C. longa Koen., Ridl. and other authors. This is the local 
Turmeric, Kunyit of the Malay Peninsula. Native of 
Java. The original C. longa Linn, is altogether dubious. 
C. domestica has a rhizome deep orange colour inside, short 
leaves of a light green and a short spike of green bracts 
about 4 in. long, the uppermost usually tipped pink. Flowers 
pale cream with a strong yellow bar down the lip. It supplies 
the Turmeric used in curries and is also used as a dye. 
C. mangga Valeton l.c. 50. Temu Pauh. Rhizome yellow inside 
with smell and taste of wild carrots. Leaves long with a 
purple splash in centre or entirely green. Spike produced 
outside the leaves. Lower bracts white, median green, 
terminal bracts violet red. Sparsely cultivated. 
I have never seen this in flower. 
C. xanthorhiza Roxb. FI. Ind. i. 25 ; Valeton l.c. 61. Temu Lawas. 
Rhizome deep orange inside. Leaves deep green with a purple 
central feather. Spike lateral, scape short. Bracts pale green 
edged red, uppermost red violet, base green striped. Distrib. 
Java. 
C. aeruginosa Roxb. FI. Ind. i. 27; Valeton l.c. 65. Temu hitam. 
Rhizome grey polished, inside bluish. Leaves glabrous green 
with purple central bar. Scape separate from leaves. Upper 
bracts hairy red violet lighter below, mucronate. Flowers 
short, broad. Petals and tube dark pink red, inner parts 
yellow, middle of lip deep yellow. Distrib. Java, Burma. 
9 . CONAMOMUM, Ridl. 
Stout tall plants with a woody stilted rhizome. Leafy stems 
tall. Leaves oblong-lanceolate. Scapes peduncled from rhizome 
