Crinum.] 
CXliiI. aMarYllidaceaL 
301 
floral linear. Perianth tube long, slender, lobes linear or oblong 
similar Stamens with slender filaments adnate to base of tube. 
Anthers linear dorsifixed. Style filiform; stigma minute; ovules 
usually few Fruit subglobose membranous or coriaceous dehiscing 
irregularly. Seeds few large, rounded or irregular, testa thick 
corky. Albumen large. Species about 60, tropics generally. 
Bulb very large long-necked, not stoloniferous. Sea- . 
shore plant., • W C> asiatlCUm 
Bulb large stoloniferous; leaves narrower; fruit 
very la?ge; tidal mud. 2 C. Northianum 
Bulb small, dwarf plant. Meadows . . • ( 3 ) C. defixum 
(1) C. asiaticum Linn.Sp. PI. 419 (partly); Bot. Mag. t. 1073 > 
Hook. fil. F.B.I. vi. 280; Ridl. Mat. ii. 68. C. toxicarium Roxb. 
FI hid ii. 144; Wight Ic. t. 2021, 2022; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. dbg. 
' Stem base globose, large, neck stout, 2 ft. long. Leaves lanceo¬ 
late acuminate, 2 to 6 ft. long, 5 to 6 in. wide. Scapes several, 
o to 4 ft tall axillary. Flowers numerous. Perianth tube green, 
3 to 6 in’ long, lobes linear white, 3*5 in. long, 7 in. wide Stamens 
crimson, base white; anthers fuscous. Style dark red. Fruit white 
irregularly globose, about 2 in. through. Seeds large, irregular m 
shape, green inside. Hah. Sandy seashores. Singapore Changi ; 
Sungei Buluh. Johor, Tana Runto. Pahang, Pekan. Malacca, 
Pulau Besar (Maingay); Kundur (Griffith). Bindings Penang, 
Batu Feringhi (Curtis). Distrib. Tropical Asia. Native name : 
Tembaga ^ ort ^ ianum ^aker, Gard. Chron. 1882, i. 671; Ridl., 
Agric. Bulletin, iii. 1904, p. 3 10 - , u T 
Stem usually producing long stolons from the base Leaves 
linear 5 to 7 ft. long, 3 in* wide, acute. Peduncle 18 111 tall, *5 m - 
thick. Flowers 12 to 40 in an umbel. Perianth tube 6 in.^ long, 
green, lobes linear, 4 in. long, -36 in. wide, white tinted and tipped 
pink. Stamens 3 in- long, pink or white; anthers black. Style 
pink. Capsule very large, more or less pear-shaped 4 m. long, 
pointed at both ends. Seeds larger than in C. asiaticum. Hab 
Tidal ditches in mud, Kedah at Alor Sta. Kelantan near Tumpat, 
Kota Bharu (Ridley). Distrib. Sarawak. 
The leaves are much longer and narrower than in C. asiaticum, and the 
fruits Stage” often purplish. In Sarawak it produces long stolons 
creeping in the mud; in Kedah I did not see these. 
(3) C. defixum Ker, Quart. Journ. Sci. and rir/s, iii. 105, Bot.^ 
Mag t 2208. Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 362 ; Hook, fd . F.B.I. vi. 281, 
Ridl. Mat . ii. 68. (Fig. 189, p. 302.) 
Bulb small, neck 3 to 4 in. long. Leaves linear 2 it. long, 
4 in. wide. Scape stout, 2 ft. long, with an umbel crf_ about 12 
flowers. Bracts deltoid-ovate, i *5 m. long. Perianth tube 6 m. 
long, greenish. Ovary 1 in. long, lobes linear acute reflexed white, 
3 in. long, -5 in. wide. Filaments red, anthers fuscous. Style red. 
