320 ClXv. dioscoReace^. [Dioscorea. 
flat thorns forming short thorny edges. Leaves ovate deep 
cordate acuminate, 6 in. long and as wide; nerves n; petioles 
4 to 5 in. long, thorny on upper edge. Flower and fruit 
unknown. Hob. Johor, Pulau Tiuman (Burkill); Perak, 
Sungei Siput (Machado). Distrib. Sumatra. Native name: 
Tuba Ubi. Use : As a piscicide. 
Order CXLVI. ROXBURGHIACE/E. 
Herbs erect or climbing. Leaves alternate or opposite, petioled, 
3 or more nerved with parallel cross nervules. Flowers axillary 
uni- or bi-sexual. Perianth superior or half inferior. Sepals 2; 
petals 2. Stamens 4, from base of perianth; anthers dorsifixed. 
Ovary i-celled; stigma subsessile; ovules 12 or more. Capsule 
2-valved. Seeds oblong. 
Climbers. 
Leaves ovate cordate; flowers medium-size . 1. Stemona 
Erect herbs. 
Leaves lanceolate or elliptic; flowers minute . 2. Stichoneuron 
1 . STEMONA, Lour. 
Climbers, rarely erect with tuberous roots. Leaves ovate thin. 
Flowers on axillary peduncles medium-size. Perianth lobes 4. 
Stamens 4, connective broad, prolonged beyond the anther cells. 
Ovary unilocular; stigma sessile; ovules 3 to many. Capsule bivalved. 
Seeds 2 to many, albuminous. Species 12, Burma, Indo-Malaya, 
China, Japan, Australia. 
(1) S. tuberosa Lour. FI. Cochinchine. 404; Ridl. Mat. ii. 86. 
S, Curtisii Hook. fit. F.B.I. vi. 298; Bot. Mag. t. 7254; Wright, 
Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxii. 495. (Fig. 194, p. 321.) 
Stem slender. Leaves opposite or alternate, ovate-cordate 
acuminate, 9- to n-nerved, 4 to 5 in. long, 2 to 3 in. wide; petioles 
2*5 to 3 in. long. Flowers unisexual pendent, 1 in. long, about 6 
in axillary racemes, peduncles 2 in. long; pedicel *25 in. long. 
Sepals 2, lanceolate acute connate at base pink recurved. Petals 
erect pink, backs green. Filaments petaloid pink. Capsule oblong 
beaked, 1 in. long. Seeds ribbed. Hab. In dry thickets, common 
in the north. Pahang, Pahang River. Bindings, Lumut. Adang 
Islands, Pulau Rawei. Penang, near the Waterfall (Curtis). Kedah 
Yan. Perlis. Kanga. Kelantan, Chaning, Lebir River (with very 
deep claret flowers). Distrib. Siam, Cochinchina. 
2 . STICHONEURON, Hook. fil. 
Erect herbs with creeping rhizome. Leaves membranous, linear- 
oblong or elliptic 3- to 5-nerved. Peduncles axillary filiform. 
Raceme short, of minute green or purple flowers. Perianth cam- 
