CXLYII. LILIACEdS. 
[. Smilax. 
34 2 
Hills. Penang, Balik Pulau. Distrib. India, Tonkin. Native 
names : Akar Banau; Akar Rabana; Akar K'luna; Akar Lampan 
Bukit. Use : Tubers eaten by Sakai. 
(7) S. Helferi A. DC. Mon. Smilax, 176; Ridl. Mat. ii. 104. 
S. zeylanica Ridl. Mat. ii. 105. (Fig. 199, p. 341.) 
A rough, stout climber, thorny. Leaves stiffly coriaceous, 
oblong blunt, strongly 3-nerved, base round, 2 to 5 in. long, 75 
to 3 in. wide; petioles hardly *25 in. long. Umbels x in. across, 
single or 2 to 3 on peduncle *5 in. long; pedicels *25 in. long. 
Sepals and petals oblong blunt. Stamens 6; filaments linear. 
Berries as large as peas. Hab . Common in open country, climbing 
on bushes. Pahang, Pekan and all along the Pahang River. Malacca, 
Ayer Panas; Bukit Bruang. Sungei Ujong, Gunong Berumbun 
(Cantley); Seremban. Selangor, Kwala Lumpur. Perak, Tarn- 
bun; Ulu Bubong and Goping (Kunstler); Larut (Kunstler). 
Province Wellesley, Krian. Legeh, Tremengan (Gwynne-Vaughan). 
Kelantan, Kamposa; Kwala Aring (Yapp). Lankawi (Curtis). 
Distrib. Tenasserim. The type has a short point to the leaves, 
otherwise it is similar. Native names : Akar Kulona Betina; Akar 
Gadung Tikus. 
The plants referred to S. zeylanica, Linn, in Mat. ii. are all Helferi. S. 
zeylanica var. penangensis, DC Mon. Smilax, 190, is based on a sheet at Kew 
containing a specimen of S. Icevis, Penang Hill (no collector) and a scrap of 
possibly 5 . megacarpa, collected by Griffith in Malacca. 
(8) S. poiyacantha Wall. Cat. 5127; Kunth. Enum. v. 239; 
Hook. fil. F.B.I. vi. 311; Ridl. Mat. ii. 105. 
Stem slender, very thorny, thorns short. Leaves elliptic- 
lanceolate, rather thinly coriaceous, narrowed at both ends, 3- to 
5-ribbed, 4 to 6 in. long, 1-5 to 2 in. wide; petioles thick, *4 to. 
•5 in. long; tendrils filiform. Umbels solitary or 2 on a short 
•5 in. peduncle. Female flowers very small; ovary with recurved 
styles. Male flowers and ripe fruit unknown. Hab. Penang 
(Porter). Not collected again by anyone. 
(9) S. odoratissima Bl. Enum. 19. S. aspericaulis Wall. Cat. 
5129; DC. Mon. Smilax, 195; Ridl. Mat. ii. 106. 
Stems slender thickly covered with small pustules and a few 
scattered thorns extending to the leaf-sheaths. Leaves thinly 
coriaceous oblong, blunt with a short point, base broad; nerves 
prominent beneath, 5; 3 to 8 in. long, 1-5 to 3 in. wide; petioles 
•5 in. long, sheath small rough. Peduncle *5 in. long, bearing 1 or 2 
peduncled umbels about -3 in. across. Sepals linear-oblong. 
Stamens as long. Berry -5 in. through. Hab. Mountain forests. 
Selangor, Ginting Bidai; Menuang Gasing (Kloss). Perak, Thaip- 
ing Hills (Kunstler). Distrib. India, Java. 
(10) S. barbata Wall. Cat. 5125; DC. Mon. Smilax, 196; 
Ridl. Mat. ii. 106. 
Stem stout, woody, nearly *5 in. through, covered with red or 
