540 cm. gesneraceal [ Epithema . 
Goping- Sungei Rayah and Batu Kurau (Kunstler). Lankawi 
islands ’ (Curtis). Penang (Wallich). Distrib. Sumatra, Java, 
Borneo and probably the Indian E. carnosum is the same. 
16. MONOPHYLKffiA, R. Br. 
Succulent herbs with an unbranched stem bearing 2 leaves 
(the cotyledons), one very large cordate-ovate, the other very 
small, sessile, with conspicuous nerves. Racemes or cymes 1 or 
many from the leaf-base with numerous small white usually secund 
flowers pedicelled. Bracts o. Calyx deeply 5-cleft, lobes elliptic, 
blunt. Corolla bilabiate. Stamens 4; filaments short; anthers 
cohering in pairs. Style short; stigma capitate. Capsule mem¬ 
branous, in the enlarged calyx, splitting irregularly. Species 
7 or 8, Siam and Malay Archipelago. 
Leaf glabrous; sepals not spreading in fruit . . (1) M. Horsfieldii 
Leaf strigose hairy; sepals spreading in fruit . . (2) M. patens 
(1) M. Horsfieldii R. Br. Benn. PI. Jav. Rar. 121; Ridl. 
Journ. As. Soc. Beng., l.c. 785. . 
Stems 6 to 12 in. long. Leaf dark green, pale whitish beneath, 
quite glabrous, ovate-cordate, 6 to 12 in. long, 3 t° 12 i n - wide. 
Racemes 2 to 7 together, 9 in. long. Pedicels ’25 in* long. Sepals 
ovate round. Corolla -25 in. across. Capsule globose enclosed in 
sepals. Hab. In rocky places usually on limestone. Selangor, 
Batu Caves. Perak, Goping (Kunstler); Batang Padang Valley; 
Kurau (Wray); Gunong Kerbau (Hanifi). Jalor, Biserat (Gwynne- 
Vaughan). Distrib. Java, Sumatra. 
(2) M. patens Ridl. Journ. Roy. As. Soc. S. Br. 44, p. 82; 
Journ. As. Soc. Beng., l.c. 785. 
Stem 1 to 4 in. long, hairy, viscid. Leaf ovate-cordate strigose 
hairy, 6 in. long, 4 to 6 in. wide. Racemes pubescent, 4 to 20, 
slender, 4 to 5 in. long; peduncles slender, *25 in. long. Sepals 
lanceolate, hairy, spreading in fruit. Corolla small. Capsule 
globose. Sepals spreading. Hab. Limestone rocks. Selangor, Batu 
Caves. Perak, Sungei Siput (Curtis); Batu Kurau (Scortechini); 
Goping (Kunstler). 
17. STAURANTHERA, Benth. 
Succulent herbs. Leaves alternate, the opposite ones reduced, 
elliptic or ovate, falcate, acuminate, inequilateral. Cymes short 
peduncled, lax. Flowers showy. Calyx campanulate, lobes short. 
Corolla campanulate, tube shortly spurred or gibbous; limb 
2-lipped, lobes round sub-equal. Stamens 4; anthers connate. 
Ovary ovoid; style short. Capsule depressed globose irregularly 
splitting. Species 3 or 4, Assam, Burma, Malay islands. 
Flowers large, violet, base of corolla spurred . . (1) S. grandiflora 
Flowers small, white with violet spot, not spurred . (2) S. umbrosa 
