CVI. ACANTHACE^E. 
Aporuellia.] 
565 
base narrowed, 5 in. long, 1*5 in. wide; petioles 1-5 in. long; stem 
above radical leaves about n in. long, with few small leaves. 
Flowers in remote, small clusters on long-peduncled spikes, pure 
white. Bracts obovate pubescent. Calyx of 5 deep linear teeth, 
*125 in. long. Corolla -35 in. long; tube slender. Stamens 4. Capsule 
•6 in. long, seed-bearing to base. Seeds 12, ovate shaggy. Hob. 
Rare on limestone rocks; very local. Selangor, Batu Caves 
(Curtis, Ridley). Distrib. Sumatra (type form). 
(2) A. axillaris Clarke, l.c. 650. 
Branches 1 ft. long. Leaves ovate-triangular, sub-obtuse, 
slightly hairy, suddenly attenuate at base, pairs 2 in. apart, 3*25 in. 
long, i*5 in. wide; petioles -25 in. long. Flowers blue in clusters 
of 1 to 3 in axils with oblong bracts, -25 to -35 in. long. Sepals 
linear, *2 in. long, pubescent. Corolla -8 in. long, narrow, funnel- 
shaped. Capsule -5 in. long with 7 flattened seeds. Pahang, 
Pulau Chengei; Pahang River. Perlis, Kanga (Ridley). Distrib. 
Tongka. 
This closely resembles Ruellia prostrata var. dejecta, only differing in the 
pollen. In habit, etc., it is utterly different from A. sumatrensis. 
6 . HYGROPHILA, R. Br. 
Marsh herbs 1 to 5 ft. tall, strict; stems 4-angled. Leaves 
opposite, equal. Flowers in axillary clusters, rarely in continuous 
spikes. Calyx with 5 (or 4) acute teeth, tubular below. Corolla 
2-lipped, funnel-shaped, dilate above, medium-sized, upper lip 
emarginate, lower trifid, violet or white. Stamens 4, didynamous 
except in H. polysperma. Ovary oblong; style with 1 linear 
branch, the other rudimentary. Capsule linear-oblong. Seeds 
8 to 80, ovoid. Species 40, whole tropics. 
Unarmed. 
Flowers in terminal spikes; stamens 2 
Flowers in axillary clusters ; stamens 4. 
Leaves lanceolate or linear. 
Tall plant, clusters many-flowered 
Dwarf rock plant, clusters 1- to 3-flowered . 
Leaves obovate or oblong petioled. 
Corolla small, -25 to -35 in. long; bracts 
short, broad ..... 
Corolla -5 to *8 in. long. 
Plant nearly glabrous .... 
Plant softly hairy all over 
Leaves oblong sessile, stiff hairy; nerves pro¬ 
minent beneath . 
Armed with strong spines. 
Flowers 1 in. long in whorls .... 
(1) H. polysperma 
(2) H. angustifolia 
(3) H. saxatilis 
(4) H. meianthos 
(5) H. quadrivalvis 
(6) H. phlomoides 
(7) H. subsessilis 
(8) H. spinosa 
(1) H. polysperma T. Anders. Journ. Linn . Soc. ix, 456; 
Clarke, l.c. 644. 
A small procumbent plant sparsely pubescent, 4 to 8 in. tall. 
Leaves oblong or elliptic, base narrowed, tip blunt, 1 in. long, 
