57$ cvi. acanThace^E. [Acanthus. 
wide; petioles *5 in. long. Spike 5 in- narrow. Bracts 
broad, ovate, *25 in. long. Calyx-lobes as long. Corolla white, 
1 in. long. Hab. Not common. In tidal mud among grasses, 
Singapore, Kranji; Tampinis. Johor, near town (Ridley). 
Penang (Curtis). Disirib. Indo-Malaya, Australia. 
14 . FHLOGACANTHUS, Nees 
Undershrubs with rather thin large leaves. Flowers in a 
terminal spike usually large and showy. Corolla-tube long, curved 
or short with sub-regular lobes. Stamens 2; anther-cells oblong 
parallel. Capsule narrowly ellipsoid contracted to the base. Seeds 
about 8. Species 12, Indian, Siamese. Clarke suggests that the 
2 genera Gymnostachyum and Phlogacanihus might be united, but 
the typical Indian Phlogacanthi seem totally distinct from the first 
section here of Gymnostachyum sp. 1 to 5 and from our only species 
of Phlogacanthus, which seems more closely allied to Gymnostachyum 
sp. 6 to 13, only differing in the form of the capsule. 
(1) P. brevis Clarke, l.c. 665. 
Shrubby, ascending 12 to 18 in. tall. Leaf ovate blunt narrowed 
and decurrent on petiole, 4*5 in. long, 3 in. wide; petioles 1 to 
1.5 in. long. Panicle 2 to 4 in. long, dense with short branches. 
Sepals -15 to -2 in. long, pubescent. Corolla thick, tube short, 
•25 in. long and as wide, pubescent. Capsule 1 in. long, nearly 
•2 in. wide, sub-cylindric blunt narrowed at base, 8-seeded. Hab. 
Perak, Larut (Kunstler). Rare. 
Except for the capsule being narrowed at the base, this is extremely close 
to Gymnostachyum magnum and G. insulare, closely resembling them in habit 
and corolla. 
15 . GYMNOSTACHYUM, Nees 
Herbs or somewhat shrubby. Leaves lanceolate to obovate, 
slightly crenulate or entire. Panicle terminal of elongate or short 
branches rarely axillary or spicate, branches simple; cymes 
small lateral or flowers single. Bracts linear, very small. Calyx 
small, deeply divided into 5 narrow segments pubescent. Corolla 
•5 to 1 in. long or less; tube narrow or thick; limb 2-lipped. 
Stamens 2; anther-cells 2, parallel. Ovary conic; style shortly 
bifid. Capsule -5 to 1 in. long, terete sides parallel, 8- to 20-seeded 
from base. Seed ovoid flattened. The fruit is only known in 
the first 5 and in G. insulare, the others may be Phlogacanthi. 
Species 25 to 30, Indo-Malaya to Australasia. 
Dwarf plants with flowers solitary of long 
slender spikes; corolla-tube long, blue, 
base white. 
Leaves narrowed at base abruptly on a broad¬ 
winged petiole ..... (1) G. deeurrens 
Leaves on long partly winged petioles in 
distant pairs; flowers 1 in. long . (2) G. diversifolium 
