5l2 evil. VERBENACEAi. [Laniarn. 
Ovary 2-ceUed. Drupe small, pulpy, black, with two i-seeded 
pyrenes. Species 50? mostly American, a few Asiatic and African. 
Unarmed shrublet erect ; flowers lilac . . - ( r ) Ij. indica 
Armed; flowers yellow turning red or pink, sarmentose 
bush. D) L - aculeata 
(1) L. indica Roxb. Hort. Beng. 46; FI. Ind. iii. 89. L. salvi- 
folia Gamble, l.c . (not of Jacquin). 
Erect little-branched shrub about 2 ft. tall; 4-angled hispid 
stems. Leaves opposite or whorled, ovate-lanceolate acute, base 
suddenly decurrent, crenate serrate, 2 to 3 in. long, 1 in. wide; 
petioles -2 in. long. Spikes globose, at length oblong, -5 to 1 in. 
long. Flowers lilac. Drupe sub-globose, purple black. Hab. Open 
waste ground, almost certainly introduced, Singapore, Alexandra 
Road; Sepoy lines. Malacca, Pengkalan Minyak (Cantley) ; in 
Malacca town. Perak, Telok Anson. Penang, Balik Pulau 
(Curtis). Dislrib. Indo-Malaya. Native name : Bunga Pagar Putih. 
(2) L. aculeata Linn. Sp. PL 627; Gamble, l.c. 796. L. 
camara Linn. l.c. 
Straggling prickly strong-smelling bush, 4 to 8 ft. tall. Leaves 
ovate acute, base cordate decurrent, crenate pubescent beneath, 
1 to 3 in. long, 1 to 2 in. wide; petioles '5 in. long. Heads umbel¬ 
late, 1 in. across; peduncles 1 in. long, hairy. Flowers usually 
yellow turning red or pink with a yellow eye. Drupe sub-globose, 
black. Hab. Open country, formerly very abundant in Singapore 
and Malacca covering considerable areas, but less abundant now¬ 
adays. Whole peninsula. Introduced from South America. 
Native name : Bunga Tahi Ayam. 
2 . LIFPIA, Linn. 
Herbs (or shrubs) more or less hairy. Leaves opposite (or 
whorled) serrate (or entire). Flowers in globose elongating to 
cylindric heads. Calyx 2- to 4-lobed. Corolla salver-shaped, 
limb more or less 2-lipped. Stamens 4; style short. Stigma 
capitate. Fruit dry of 2 bony pyrenes. Species about 100, chiefly 
tropical American. 
(1) L. nodiflora Mich. FI. Bor. Am. ii, 151 Gamble, l.c. 797. 
A creeping herb; stems prostrate, rooting, slender, 1 ft. long. 
Leaves spathulate, tip round, serrate, 75 to 1 in. long, -25 in. 
wide, hairy or nearly glabrous. Spikes globose, -25 in. long, 
lengthening to cylindric oblong *5 in. long; peduncles 1 to 2 in. 
long, axillary. Calyx 2-lobed, lobes lanceolate pubescent. Corolla 
•1 in. long, pinkish white. Fruit *07 in. long. Hab. Waste ground, 
occasional, Singapore, waste ground in Rochore; Alexandra Road. 
Selangor, Salak, South Road (Seimund). Province Wellesley, 
Prai Dock (Curtis). Penang, Sungei Penang (Curtis). Patalung, 
sand near sea (Annandale). Distrib. Tropics and sub-tropics of 
whole world. 
