Tinomiscium .] vn. menispermacejE. 105 
(1) T. petiolare Miers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. Ser. 2, vii. 44; 
Contrib. Bot. iii. 45, pi. 94; Hook fit. F.B.I. i. 97; King, Journ. 
/Is. Soc. Beng. lx. 379; Ridl. Journ. Roy. /Is. Soc. S. Br. 54, p. 14. 
Liane 60 to 100 ft. long much branched; stem ribbed, 2 to 4 in. 
through, exuding white latex when cut. Leaves coriaceous ovate- 
oblong, narrowed at base, tip blunt or shortly acuminate, glabrous 
dark green ; nerves from base 3, 1 or 2 pairs above from midrib; 
4'5 1° 5*5 in. long, 2 to 3 in. wide; petioles slender, geniculate 
2 - 5 in. long. Male racemes fascicled from the old wood, 6 to 10 in. 
long. Flowers white *3 in. across; pedicels - i in. long. Sepals 
3 or 4, green covered like the pedicels with short red hairs. Outer 
petals 6, linear oblong obtuse, edges white hairy, inner ones 6, 
short connivent, oblong, edges incurved, white glabrous. Stamens 
fleshy thickened at base, connective thickened incurved beak-like; 
anther-cells wide apart, immersed. No pistillodes. Female in¬ 
florescence panicled *18 in. long, racemes pubescent 8 in. long. 
Outer sepals 2; staminodes 6. Fruit oblong elliptic flat, 1 in. long, 
'5 in. wide (channelled when dry) smooth, dark green with white 
spots. Hab. Very common in forests and secondary jungle, road¬ 
sides, etc. Singapore to Kedah, Alor Sta. Distrib. Tonkin, 
Sumatra, Borneo. Native names : Akar Langkap; Akar Lumpang; 
Akar Nasi; A. Lempoyang; A. Mumbulu. Use As a drug in 
rheumatism. 
4. FIBRAUREA, Lour. 
Big liane with yellow wood. Leaves coriaceous glabrous ovate 
to oblong, 3-nerved. Flowers in lax panicles, white or green. 
Sepals 6 with 3 minute bracts. Petals 3. Stamens 6; filaments 
clavate; anthers terminal adnate. Female flower staminodes 6; 
ovaries 3, 2-ovuled. Drupes oblong terete. Seed oblong, blunt 
grooved down the centre. Albumen horny. Species 4, Cochin- 
China, Malay Peninsula and Islands. 
(1) F. chloroleuca Miers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. Ser. 3, xiii. 
489; Contrib. Bot. iii. 42, pi. 93 ; King, Journ. As. Soc. Beng. lx. 
380. F. tinctoria Hook. pi. F.B.I. i. 98, not of Loureiro. 
Big liane. Leaves ovate oblong, base rounded, apex acuminate; 
nerves from base 3, prominent beneath, deep green coriaceous 
glabrous; 7 in. long, 4 in. wide; petioles 2*5 in. long. Flowers, 
male, white in lax panicles from old wood, 2 to 6 in. long. Bracts 
narrow linear acute. Sepals 6, rounded-obovate. Inner petals 
narrower than outer ones, elliptic. Stamens 6, bluish green. 
Female flowers green. Carpels 3 obovoid bluish green. Drupe 
orange colour, elliptic smooth, pulp bitter, 1*5 in. long. Seed 
oblong, 1 in. long, grooved deeply on the lower surface, ends 
rounded. Hab. Very common in hedges and woods. Singapore 
to Penang. Distrib. Tavoy, Malay Islands to Celebes. Native 
names: Akar Kinching Kerbau (buffalo urine); Akar Kuning. 
