Archytcea .] xix. ternstr(Emiacejs. 209 
acute entire, base truncate; nerves 15 pairs, 3. to 4-5 in. long, 
‘5 to 75 in. wide. Flowers 1 to 1-25 in. wide; peduncles crowded 
at ends of branches. Sepals ovate rounded green, edged red. 
Petals white flushed and tipped on the back with pink, obovate. 
Stamens white; anthers fawn colour. Fruit 75 in. long, narrow 
ovoid acuminate. Hab. Open country usually in damp spots, 
common all over the peninsula at low elevations and at 3000 ft. 
altitude on Mt. Ophir (dwarf mountain form). Distrib. Borneo. 
Native names: Poko Riang Riang (Cicada tree); Kuat-Kuat. 
Use : Timber red; good for building, though small. 
Order XX. DIPTEROCARPACE/E. 
Resinous trees tall to vast, rarely small. Leaves alternate, 
coriaceous, simple entire. Flowers small or medium, white, yellow 
or pink, fragrant, in axillary and terminal panicles, often secund. 
Bracts usually small. Sepals free or connate in a short tube more 
or less free or adnate to the base of the ovary. Petals contort, 
free or connate at the base. Stamens numerous, 15, 10 or 5, free 
or adnate to petals, hypogynous; anther 2-ceJled, connectives 
often awned or prolonged. Ovary slightly immersed in a torus, 
3-celled; ovules 2 in a cell ; style subulate. Stigmas 1 to 3, minute. 
Fruit nut-like, i-seeded, surrounded by the persistent sepals, 2 or 
more of which are prolonged into linear or oblong wings, the rest 
shorter occasionally (Pachy no carpus) not prolonged, the calyx 
forming an adnate cup. Species about 300, tropics of India, Siam, 
Cochin-China, Ceylon and Malaya, 1 in the Seychelles. 
These trees are among the biggest in the forests, and produce 
the valuable timbers known as Serayah, Meranti, Merawan, Chengei 
or Penak, Damar Laut, Resak (see “ Timbers of the Malay Penin¬ 
sula,” Agric. Bull. Straits Settlements , new series, vol. i. 52). They 
also produce the resin, Dammar, used in varnishes, and for torches 
(Shorca, Hopea , Balanocarpus ), and wood oil, Minyak Keruwing 
[Dipterocarpus), and camphor, Kapur Barns (Dryobalanops) (see 
“ Dammara and Wood Oil,” Ridl. Journ. Roy. As. Soc. S. Br. 
xxxiv. 89). The trees flower and fruit in some cases annually, 
in others sexennially, and many not till they have attained their 
full size in about 30 years or even much later. On account of 
their great height specimens are very difficult to procure. (King, 
Journ. As. Soc. Beng., lxii. Part II, No. 2, p. 87.) 
Sepals prolonged as wings; fruiting calyx with a 
distinct tube covering the fruit. 
Tube quite free from the fruit. , 
Sepals developed into long wings, ^ 
Sepals developed into wings 2, the others very 
short . . . . . . 
Tube adnate to fruit; wings 2 . 
F1.M.P., 1 . 
1. Dryobalanops 
2. Dipterocarpus 
3. Anisoptera 
P 
2-5 
