XX. DIPTEROCARPACEAS. 
235 
Hopea.] 
Stamens 15, rarely 10; anthers ovate; cells equal, connective 
prolonged into a fine awn. Ovary 3-celled, cells 2-ovuled; style 
cylindric. Fruit surrounded by the 5 enlarged sepals, free to 
base, 2 outer wings long linear, 3 inner ones not longer than fruit, 
connate in a cup at base, closely appressed to the small nut. Species 
about 35, Indo-Malaya. 
The timber of Hopeas, known as Merawan, is light red and 
rather soft. The Dammar (Dammar Mata Kuching) is clear and 
transparent, as it is in Balanocarpus. 
i. Eu-hopea. Leaf-nerves 8 to 18 pairs. Inflores¬ 
cence usually silky. 
Leaves large, stiff coriaceous, ovate; nerves 8 
pairs; flowers glabrous .... 
Leaves small, thin; nerves 10 to 18 pairs distinct 
prominent; flowers where known white silky 
Leaves 4 to 5 in. long; fruit-wings 4 in. long 
Leaves 3 in. long; fruit-wings 2'5 in. long 
oblanceolate ...... 
Leaves thin, 3 in. long; fruit-wings linear-oblong. 
Leaves stiff, ovate, 2'5 in. long; nerves 8 pairs, 
faint ....... 
Leaves stiff ovate; nerves 10 pairs; fruit-wings 
elliptic broad, 1-5 by -5 in. long . 
Leaves lanceolate, cuspidate; nerves 6 pairs 
ii. Dryobalanoides. Leaves stiff; nerves faint very 
numerous, parallel. Inflorescence glabrous. 
Leaves oblong-lanceolate, base shortly narrowed . 
Leaves elliptic-lanceolate, base cuneate 
Leaves broad ovate, base round, very smooth and 
stiff ......... 
Leaves small; branches, nerves on back, and in¬ 
florescence pubescent .... 
(1) H. nutans 
{2) H. nervosa 
(3) H. Curtisii 
{4) H. globosa 
(5) H. albescens 
(6) H. Lowii 
(7) H. multiflora 
( 8 ) H. micrantha 
(9) H. Pierrei 
(10) E. Mengerawan 
(11) H. pubescens 
(1) H. nutans Ridl. 
Branches moderately stout, black glabrous. Leaves ovate- 
elliptic stiffly coriaceous, glabrous base round broad, smooth 
above; nerves elevate beneath about 8 pairs ascending; nervules 
horizontal inconspicuous beneath, reticulations invisible, 5 in. long, 
3*5 in. wide; petioles *5 in. long. Panicle of 2 or 3 branches, 2 in. 
long pubescent, fascicled in the axils. Flowers small, few, sessile, 
nodding, glabrous. Sepals 2 outer oblong coriaceous, 3 inner 
ovate, shorter and thinner. Petals oblong truncate, toothed at 
the tip with 1 long and 2 short teeth. Stamens 15, very short; 
awns longer than the anthers. Ovary conic, glabrous; style short. 
Fruit globose, glabrous, *25 in. long with a short point, outer wings 
oblong; nerves 10, 2^25 in. long, '5 in. wide, inner wings ovate, 
free to base, shorter than fruit. Hab. Forests, Pahang, Kwantan 
(E. J. Hanbury, flowers). Ulu Rumpin (Foxworthy, fruit). Native 
names : Giam (not the Giam of Sumatra); Bunga Merpak. 
I have little doubt that the fruiting specimen belongs to the same species 
as the flowering one, as it agrees in foliage. The fruit very closely resembles 
