304 xxv. tiliacEjE. [Triumfetta. 
hispid spines, indehiscent. Hab. Common weed on waste ground, 
from Singapore to Setul. Distrib. India, Malay islands, China, 
Africa, etc. Native name : Champadang. 
(2) T. pilosa Roth, Nov. Sp. 233; King, lx. 116. 
Erect shrubby annual about 3 or 4 ft. tall, branched, villous. 
Leaves hairy, ovate or ovate-lanceolate acuminate, coarsely serrate, 
2 to 4*5 in. long, 1 to 175 in. wide ; petioles *5 to 1 in. long. Stipules 
lanceolate subulate. Peduncles many-flowered, short. Calyx ‘25 
in. long, hairy. Petals spathulate-oblong nearly as long, bright 
yellow. Fruit globose, dehiscent *25 in. through, villous and 
densely spinous with long *3 in. hooked bristly spines, glabrous 
at the tip. Hab. Open sandy spots, not common. Pahang near 
Pekan. Perak, Ulu Bubong, open bamboo jungle (Kunstler); 
Temengo. Distrib. India, Ceylon, Burma. 
(3) T. pseudo-cana Sprague and Craib, Kew Bulletin, 1911, 
p. 23. T. cana Masters, lx. i. 396, not of Blume. 
Erect shrublet, little branched, 2 or 3 ft. tall. Stems and 
back of leaves velvety hairy. Leaves ovate to lanceolate above, 
lower ones often rhomboid lobed, serrate above sparsely hairy, 
i’5 to 2’5 in. long, 1 to 1*5 in. wide, terminal ones much smaller 
and narrower; petioles 7 in. long, tomentose. Flowers crowded, 
yellow, *2 in. long. Calyx velvety, lobes narrow. Petals as long. 
Fruit globose tomentose, '5 in. across; spines straight, bristly. 
Hab. Waste ground, not common. Singapore (Thomson) ; Pahang, 
Pekan. Perak, Sungei Ryah; Goping and Kota Bharu (Kunstler). 
Ipoh. Distrib. India. 
(4) T. grandidens Hance, Journ. Bot. 1877, p. 329. T. dunalis 
0. Kunze, Rev. Gen. 85. 
Prostrate shrublet. Young parts sparsely hairy. Leaves sub- 
coriaceous, oblanceolate, simple or trilobed, coarsely toothed; 
nerves elevate beneath, sparsely hairy, *6 in. long, '2 in. wide, 
trilobed - 4 in. across; petioles *i in. long or shorter. Flowers in 
pairs or threes, sessile on a short peduncle, yellow. Calyx scurfy- 
pubescent. Petals oblong ‘2 in. long. Fruit globose, spiny, ’2 in. 
through, spines nearly t in. long, straight. Hab. On sandy shores 
of the east coast. Pahang, Kwala Pahang; Ruinpin River. Sin- 
gora (Gwynne Vaughan). Tringganu, Bundi (Rostado). Distrib. 
Cochin-China. 
(5) T. suhpalmata Sol. Hemsl. Journ. Bot. 1890, p. 2, pi. 293. 
Woody prostrate shrub, sparsely tufted with stellate hairs. 
Leaves sub-coriaceous stiff, deeply 3- to 5-lobed, rounded toothed, 
7 in. long, '5 in. wide, scabrid above, hairy beneath; petioles 
'3 in. long, hairy. Flowers 2 or 3 in axillary and terminal cymes 
or racemes. Pedicels *2 in. long, hairy. Sepals linear, sparsely 
hairy. Petals little longer ‘4 in. long, yellow. Fruit globose, 
•5 in. through, stiffly spiny, glabrous. Hab. Seashores in sand. 
Johor, Pulau Tiuman (Burkill). Kelantan, Kwala Kelantan 
