358 
XXXI. RUTACEiE. 
[Citrus. 
14 . CITRUS, Linn. 
Spiny trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, unifoliate, coriaceous; 
petiole often winged. Flowers axillary, fascicled or in cymes, 
white or pinkish, fragrant. Calyx cupular 3- to 5-lobed. Petals 
4 to 8, linear-oblong, imbricate. Stamens 20 to 60 insert round a 
large cupular disc; filaments connate; anthers oblong. Ovary 
many-celled; ovules 4 to 8. Berry large, fleshy, many-celled. 
Seeds with coriaceous or membranous testa. Species about 5, 
tropical Asia. 
Besides the ones mentioned below w r e have in cultivation the 
orange Citrus anraniium , Linn., the Pumelo C. Decumana, Murr. 
Petioles broad winged . . . . . (1) C. kystrix 
Petioles narrow winged . . . . .(2)6. medica 
Petioles slender non-winged . . . . . (3) C. malaccensis 
(1) C. hystrix DC. Prod. i. 539; Hook. M. F.B.I. i. 515. 
Tree resembling a pumelo. Spines slender, sharp. Leaf-petioles 
obovate, large, top broad refuse, base narrotved, 2 to 2‘5 in. long, 
2 in. across; petioles at base short and thick; leaflets elliptic 
cuspidate slightly narrowed at base, crenulate, sub-coriaceous to 
rather thin. Flowers small white. Fruit globose 4 in. through, 
rind green sometimes tubercled, very thick and pithy, pulp small, 
pale and acid. Hab. Open country. Pahang (Machado). Malacca, 
Bukit Kedondong (Derry). Perak, Kwala Dipang. 
(2) C. medica Linn. Sp. PL 782; Hook. fit. F.B.I. i. 514. 
var. acida Hook. fit. l.c. 515. 
The following cultivated plants may be varieties of the lime. 
var. Liman Kasturi. Small tree 10 to 12 ft. tall, not armed. 
Leaves elliptic or oblanceolate to nearly obovate, 75 to 175 in. 
long, '5 to 1 in. vide; petioles not winged, jointed, *2 to *5 in. 
long. Flowers *4 in. long, solitary. Petals oblong, linear, axillary. 
Fruit small globose, 1 in. through. Use: L T sed in chutneys and 
preserves. 
var. Liman kijau. Leaves oblanceolate narrow at both ends; 
petioles under 1 in. long. Fruit small globose, green becoming 
yellow. The common lime. 
var. Liman nipis. Spiny. Leaves oblong, rounded at both ends, 
2’5 in. long, 1*5 in. wide; petioles very short, *1 in. long. Fruit 
globose, smooth, rind thin. 
var. Liman Nipis Kapas. Leaves large elliptic as much as 
4 in. long, 2 in. wide; petioles jointed at top, *25 in. long. Flowers 
solitary axillary; pedicels rather long and not broad. 
var. Liman Kadangsa. Tree not spiny. Leaves lanceolate or 
oblong, narrow at base, tip blunt rather coriaceous, 2 to 3 in. long, 
1 in. wide; petioles winged, narrow oblanceolate, -5 in. long, *2 in. 
wide. Flowers small, ’25 in. long, several in a cyme. Petals 
