Eurycoma.) 
XXXII. SIMARUBEiE. 
363 
*5 in. long, *25 in. through, yellowish brown. Hab. In dry woods, 
rocky stream banks, etc. Common. Singapore, common, Tanglin ; 
Changi. Johor, Sungei Bau; Mt. Austin. Pahang, Pekan. Malacca, 
Bukit Bruang, etc. Perak, Ulu Temengoh ; Thaiping. Pulau Adang. 
Penang (Wadlich, 8522); Waterfall Hill (Curtis), Setul. Distrib. 
Tavoy, Cambodia, Sumatra, Borneo. Native names : Bidara 
Pahit ; Duak; Juak; Tongkat Baginda; Lempedu Pahit. Use: 
The bitter bark used in fever, an excellent bitter. 
(2) E. apiculata Bennett , in Hook. fit. F.B.I. i. 522; King, l.c. 
230. (Fig. 37, p. 362.) 
Shrub 3 to 8 ft. tall. Leaves 12 to 15 in. long; leaflets oblong- 
lanceolate abruptly acuminate, base acute hardly oblique, 2*5 to 
5*5 i n - long, I to i‘7 in. wide. Panicles lax 8 to 15 in. long glandular, 
black pubescent. Branches short. Petals linear, glandular out¬ 
side, glabrous within, '4 in. long, reddish brown. Stamens as short 
as calyx. Disc glands minute entire. Drupe ovoid black with a 
red dorsal line outside. Hab. Dry woods. More of a hill plant 
than the preceding and commonest in the north. Distrib. Selangor, 
Sempang Mines; Sungei Buluh; Petaling. Perak, Larut Hills 
(Kunstler) ; Gunong Kerbau at 4000 ft. altitude (Robinson) ; 
Penang, Government Hill. Province Wellesley, Tasek Gelugur. 
Native names : Bidara Pahit; Bidara Putih or merah; Penawar 
Pahit; Sempedu Pahit. 
5. SAMADERA, Gaertn. 
Glabrous trees with coriaceous, large, simple leaves. Flowers 
bisexual in peduncles axillary or terminal umbels. Calyx small, 
3- to 5-lobed. Petals much longer, 3 to 5, coriaceous imbricate. 
Disc large conical. Stamens 8 to 10 with a small scale at base. 
Carpels 4 to 5, free; style free at base united above. Ovule 
solitary. Fruit of 1 to 5 largfc compressed drupes narrowly winged. 
Species 4, Madagascar, tropical Asia. 
(1) S. indica Gaertn. Fruct. ii. i. 156; Wight, III. t. 68; Hook, 
fil. Ic. PL t. 7; F.B.I. i. 519. 
A tree 30 to 35 ft. tall or a shrub, stout. Leaves fleshy, cori¬ 
aceous light green, oblong-elliptic-lanceolate, 8 in. long, 3 in. wide; 
petioles *5 in. long, thick. Flowers 20 or more in an umbel; 
peduncle 5 to 9 in. long; pedicel 5-5 in. long, red. Calyx-lobes 
rounded ciliate, red. Petals 4, narrowed oblong pubescent, pale 
green or yellow 75 in. long. Stamens 8. Fruit oval, flat, 3 in. 
long, 2 in. wide. Hab. Rather rare in tidal swamps, Singapore. 
Johor, Tanjong Kupang; Kwala Sembrong (Kelsall). Distrib. 
India, Ceylon, Malay islands, Polynesia. 
6. IRVINGIA, Hook. fil. 
Gigantic, glabrous trees. Leaves coriaceous, entire. Flowers 
small in axillary panicles. Calyx 4- to 5-partite, imbricate. Petals 
