io CLvi. ^alMace^ \iguanuya. 
Singapore, Garden Jungle; Bukit Timali, etc., Johor, Sungei 
Tebrau. Negri Sembilan, Tampin. Selangor, Batu Caves. Perak 
Sunkai (Kunstler). Kedah, Yan (Ridley). Distrih. Sumatra. 
(8) I. bicornis Becc. Males, iii. i88; Ridl. Mai. ii. 153. 
Stem 5 to 8 ft. tall. Leaves i ft. long, 4 to 6 in. wide; leaflets 
2 to 4 pairs, sigmoid trapezoid, acuminate at tip; petioles 3 to 4 in. 
long, glabrous. Peduncle 75 to 1-5 in. long, branches 5 to 8, 
filiform, 4 to 8 in. long. Flowers minute. Fruit oblong, base 
narrowed bilobed, lobes round, 5 in. long. Hab. Mountain woods. 
Rare. Perak, Thaiping Hills (Kunstler and Scortechini). 
6. ONCOSPERMA, Bl. 
Tall palms shortly soboliferous, forming clumps, strongly armed 
\yith black spines. Leaves pinnate; leaflets many narrow. 
Spathes large boat-shaped, 2, both spiny. Inflorescence large 
deflexed, of many long spikes on a peduncle. Flowers terminal, 
all male, lower ones one female with two males. Males asymmetric. 
Petals lanceolate cuspidate. Stamens 6 to 12. Drupe globose 
black. Seed ruminate. Species 5 or 6, Ceylon, Malaya. 
Leaflets drooping; fruits -25 in. through . . . (i) 0. filamentosa 
Leaflets spreading ; fruit-5 in. through . . • G) 0. horrida 
(1) O. filamentosa Bl. Rumphia, ii. 97, /. 82, 103; Ridl. Mat. 
II. 146. Areca tigillaria Jack, Mai. Misc. ii. No. 7, p. 88; Griff, 
Palms of Brit. Ind. 159, t. 133B. A. nibung Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm. 
III. 173, 311, t. 153. 
Stems nurnerous, 60 ft. tall, 6 in. through. Leaves 10 ft. long; 
leaflets drooping, i in. across. Spathes broad oblong, outer one 
2 ft. long, 6 in. across, spiny, inner spathe tomentose. Panicle 
2 ft. long, branches about 55. Male flowers yellow. Petals 
lanceolate cuspidate, -25 in. long. Drupe *25 in. through. Hab. 
Damp open ground and tidal rivers. Common. Singapore, Tanglin ; 
Changi; Kranji. Johor. Malacca, Pringgit. Selangor, Jugra 
(Foxworthy). Adang islands, Pulau Rawei. Distrih. Cochinchina, 
Borneo. Native names: Nibong; and forms Lenau, Ibas or Ibii 
and Nibong Padi. Use: Wood for building, pig spears, etc. 
The Malays have the above form-names for supposed varieties, of this 
plant, but I failed to see any real difference between the forms or states of 
this palm. 
(2) O. horrida Scheff. Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. xxxii. 189; 
Rtdl. Mat. ii. 147. Areca horrida Griff. Palms of Brit. Ind. 158* 
I- 233. 
Stems several, 40 to 60 ft. tall, 6 in. through. Leaves 20 ft. 
mng; leaflets about 60, 3 ft. long, i to i'5 in. wide, spreading. 
Outer spathe 18 in. long, 12 in. across, spiny, inner 12 in. long, 
4 111. wide. Panicle 2 ft. long, branches 15. Flowers as in 0 . fila- 
mentosa, but petals lanceate. Drupe -5 in. through. Hab. Dry 
