CLVI. PALMACE^. 
42 
{DcBmonorops, 
broad, flat with irregular spines -5 in, long or less. Lower spatlie 
broad elliptic boat-shaped, thick, 2-5 in. long with long and short 
spines on the edge, second and third spiny on midrib only, rest 
cylindric tubular, 4 in. long or less, unarmed. Spadix dense, over 
I ft. long. Fruit spadix spreading. Fruit elliptic, 75 in. long, 
scales round convex, yellow, thickly red-resinous. Hah. Common 
in forests. Singapore, Selitar; Bukit Timah. Malacca (Grifiith). 
Selangor, Kwala Lumpur. Negri Sembilan. Kemaman. Perak, 
Tapali (Burkill). Kelantan, Sungei Ketch, Batii Pa pan {Fo.x- 
worthy). Native name: I^otan Jerenang. Use: An important 
source of Dragon’s blood, which is obtained from the fruits by 
shaking them in a swinging basket with cockleshells; the resultant 
resinous powder falls through interstices in the basket and is 
formed into cakes by hot water. 
(16) D, leptopus Mart. Hist. Nat. Palm, iii, 206; Ridl. Mai. 
ii. 182; Becc. Ann. Hot. Card. Calc. l.c. 128, pi. 52. Calamus 
leptopus Griff. Paints of Bril. Ind. 87, i. 205, a, b. 
Stout rattan 1*5 in. tlirough. Leaves large; petioles sw^ollen 
at base; leaflets linear acuminate, i ft. long, 75 in. wide, bristles 
few or none; flagellum long hooks in sixes. Spadix 18 in. long; 
peduncle stout, spiny. Spathes leathery, lowest boat-shaped, 
8 in. long, 2 in. wide wdth few thorns on two low ridges at base; 
upper spathes unarmed, second 9 in. long, all leathery. Spadix 
branches few, rusty, spikes short and thick. Calyx broad, deep 
lobed. Fruit globose, dark brown, scales convex, edges dark 
brown, not resinous. Hah. Common in dense forest. Singapore, 
Bukit Mandai; Kranji, etc. Johor, Sungei Tehran. Malacca 
(Griffith); Sungei Hiidang. Selangor, Langat. Perak, Goping 
(Kunstler). Native names: Rotan Bakau; Rotan Miiruseh; 
Rotan Bachap and Rotan pata-pisau, according to Scortecliini. 
{17) D. hystrix Mart. Hist, Nat. Palm. iii. 205, t. 176, fig. 4; 
Ridl. Mat. ii. 182; Becc. . 4 nn. Bot. Card. Calc. l.c. 135, pi. 55. 
Calamus hystrix Griff. Palms of Brit. Ind. 80, i. 204. 
Stem about 30 ft. long *5 in. through. Leaves 7 ft. long, sheaths 
wdth long deflexed spines below and crow'ded large erect ones on 
mouth; leaflets linear close set, i ft. long, -5 in. wade, bristly on 
both sides; flagellum 1-5 ft. long. Spadix 2 ft. long. Spathes, 
lowest woody, 6 in. long, spiny at mouth, above 5 to 7 spathes, 
broad coriaceous. Male panicle of stout branches, mealy red. 
Calyx cup-shaped. Female 18 to 20 in. long. Fruit oblong 
yellow, short, pedicelled, 75 in. long, scales broader than long. 
Seed oblong ruminate-pitted. Hah. Common in woods. Singa¬ 
pore, Garden Jungle; 13 ukit Timah, etc. Johor, Sungei Tehran. 
Malacca, Chenana putih (Cantley); Ayer Panas (Griffith). Pahang, 
Kw^ala Lipis (Machado). Selangor, Batu Tiga. Dindings, Lumut. 
Perak, Goping and Thaiping Hills (Kunstler). Native names: Rotan 
Sabut; Rotan Machap Merah. Use : Rotans for rigging. 
