CLVI. iPALMACEvfe. 
Calamii$.'\ 
Spathes without papery limb, spikes erect. 
Low bushy rattan; leaves not flagellate; 
spathes thorny . . . . . (27) C. siamensis 
Spathes loose unarmed, scandent . , . (28) C. concinnus 
Dwarf plants; spadices dense with short crowded 
spikes; fruit black. 
Leaves broad, white beneath . . . (29) C. Lobbianus 
Leaves narrow, entirely green . . . {30) C. conirostris 
§ 2. PhyllanthectcB . Leaves ending in flagella, no inflorescence flagella. 
Stems slender; leaflets few distant lanceolate. 
Leaflets white beneath; panicle large . • (3^) C. ceesius 
Leaflets all green; panicle simple . . . (32) C. distichus 
Stem stout; leaflets broad; panicle long . . (33) C. palustris 
Slender climbing rattans; leaflets linear numerous. 
Leaflets in distant fascicles. 
Spadix simple erect, few branched . . (34) C. brevispadix 
Spadix simple, unbranched, nodding . . (35) C. elegans 
Spadix long, much branched; spikes 2-5 in. 
apart. 
Fruit oblong . . . . . . (36) C. viridispinus 
Fruit ovoid-elliptic .... {37) C. neglectus 
Spikes I’5 in. apart; fruit globose . . {38) C. Oxleyanus 
Leaflets inaequidistant in pairs; fruit fusiform , (39) C. longispatba 
Leaflets equidistant close lanceolate-linear . (40) C. pallidus 
Spadix extremely long, unarmed . . (41) C. laxissimus 
Stout rattans; leaflets numerous; spikes broad; 
panicles usually large, scandent. 
Leaflets narrow; stem densely armed with 
black thorns . . . . . {42) C. aquatilis 
Leaflets broad distant; stem with few thorns . (43) C. dumetorum 
Bush palms not climbing, spikes few, broad. 
Fruit brown ...... (44} C. castaneus 
More robust plant; fruit larger . . . (45) C. Griffithianus 
Tree 20 ft. tall, very thorny . . . . (46) C. arborescens 
(i) C. javensis BL Rmnphia, ii. pi. 137, iii. 62, pi. 153. C. 
pcncillatus Roxh. FI. Ind. iii. 781; Ridl. Mat. ii. 191. (Fig. 213, p. 50.) 
Stems slender, 20 to 60 ft. tall, -5 in. through. Leaves i to 
1-25 ft. long; petioles short or o; sheaths thorny; leaflets 7 to ii 
pairs, lanceolate or elliptic, the basal pairs deflexed and clasping 
stem, 6 in. long, i to 175 in. wide, 3-nerved. Male spadix, peduncle 
5 ft. long, very slender, thorny. Spathes armed, mouth ciliate, 
branches 2*5 in. long, distant; spikes 4 to 8; flowers crowded. 
Female spadix stouter. Fruit oblong, yellow, -25 in. long, scales 
broader than long, deep grooved. Hah. Common in forests. 
Singapore, Kranji; Bukit Timah. Johor, Gunong Pantai; Kwala 
Sembrong (Kelsall). Malacca, Bukit Sadanen. Selangor, Batu 
Caves. Pahang, Taliaii River; Tembeling; Kwala Lipis. Sungei 
Ujong (Cantley). Penang (Roxburgh). 
var. purpurascens Ridl. Stem short; leaves purplish; rachis 
of spikes crimson. Hah. In mountain districts chiefly, Malacca, 
Tebong. Selangor, Kwala Lumpur (Curtis). Perak, Thaiping 
Hills; Kamuning; Gunong Batu Putih and Relau Tujor (Wray); 
Batu Kurau (Burkill). Kelaiitan, Ivwala Lebir (Gimlette). Rahman, 
Bukit Besar at 3000 ft. altitude (GWynne Vaughan). 
Fi.M.p., 5 i: 
3' 
