Calamus.] . CLVi. palmace.e 51 
var. incymis. Stem almost unarmed. Hah. Malacca, Mount 
Ophir. Negri Sembilan, Gunong Angsi (Ridley). 
var. penangianus Becc. in Hook. fU. F.B. 1 . v. 443. Stem closely 
spiny with broad spines. Hah. Penang Hill, Mount Elvira (Curtis). 
Distrib. Java, Borneo. Native names: Rotan Lilin; Rotan Sin- 
dek; Rotan Sini. 
This plant is very variable in number of leaflets and in armature. 
{2) C. penangensis Ridl. Mat. ii. 192. 
Stem pale, -25 in. through, strongly armed with short thorns. 
Leaves 14 in. long; leaflets 5 and a double pair at tip, elliptic 
cuspidate, 4-5 in. long, 1-5 in. wide, the two basal ones smaller, 
elliptic deflexed at base. Spadix very slender, 18 in. long, thorny, 
branches distant, lowest 4 to 6 in. long, spikes 75 in. long, flexuous; 
flowers *05 in. long, distant. Petals ovate. Hah. Very local at 
about 2500 ft. altitude. Penang Hill, West Hill (Curtis); near the 
Crag Hotel (Burkill). 
Roxburgh's C. pencUlatus FI. Ind. iii. 781, may be meant either for this 
species or for C. javensis, the description and only specimen known of his, 
a leaf, are inadequate to decide, but I think it was intended for C. javensis. 
{3) C. filipendulus Bccc. in Hook. fit. F.B.I. vi. 443; Ridl. 
Mat. ii. 193; Ann. Bot. Card. Calc. xi. 188, pi. 45. 
Stem 15 to 30 ft. long, up to 75 in. through. Leaves 3 to 4 ft. 
long; sheaths with flat triangular spines; petioles 3 to 7 in. long, 
edges sharp-spined; leaflets 3 pairs, oblanceolate, base narrow, 10 
to 24 in. long, 3 in. wide. Spadix slender, over 4 ft. long, branches 
18 in. long; spathes sparsely thorny, spikes -25 to -5 in. long; 
spathels and spathellules scabrid. Calyx cylindric. Corolla lobes 
three times as long. Fruit -25 to -4 in. through, creamy white. 
Hah. Rare, thick lowland forests. Selangor, Rawang. Perak, 
Batang Padang and Chandcriang (Kunstler), 
(4) C. insignis Griff. Calc. Joiirn. Nat. Hist. v. 58; Palms of 
Brit. Ind.; Ridl. Mat. ii. 193. C. spathulatus Becc. in Hook. fil. 
F.B.I. vi. 459 [excl. var. robustus). 
Stems few on a plant, 70 to 80 ft. long, *5 to 75 in. through, 
light green ; sheaths with scattered thick-based thorns black-tipped; 
petioles 3 to 5 in. long; leaflets 4 to 9, oblanceolate, narrowed to 
both ends, in opposite pairs or single, distant on a slender spiny 
rachis, edges thickened papery, 8 in. long, 2 in. wide, 6-nerved 
with conspicuous transverse nervules, flagella 2 ft. long or more, 
with no sheaths. Spadi.x very slender, 2-5 ft. long, armed, branches 
few, 6 in. long, distant, spikes i in. long, Male spadix unknown. 
Female flowers about 10 in a spike. Fruit globose, yellow, 75 in. 
long, scales about 13 rows. Hah. Common in forests, Singapore, 
Biikit Timah; Garden Jungle. Johor, Panchur; Batu Pahat; 
Gunong Pulai. Malacca (Grifflth). Selangor, Bindings, Lumiit. 
Perak, Bujong Malacca. Native name : Rotan Batu. Use : This 
is much valued as a rattan. 
