52 CLVI. PALMACE^'. [Calamus. 
(5) C. subspathulatus RidL Mat. ii. 194. C. spathulatus var. 
robustus Becc. in Hook. fil. F.B.J. vi. 459. 
Stem 20 to 30 ft. long, -5 to *75 in. thick; sheaths with very 
powerful upward-pointed thorns; petioles very stout with very 
powerful thorns; leaflets elliptic-lanceolate narrowed gradually to 
base, 9 to 15 in. long, 2-5 to 4 in. wide; nerves numerous. Male 
flowers unknown. Female fruiting spadix 3 to 4 ft. long, branches 
I ft. long, very stout, spikes stout, 4 in. long, 23 on a branch, dis¬ 
tichous. Fruit oblong, -5 in. long, straw-colour, scales numerous. 
Hab. Hill forests. Perak, Bujong Malacca (Kunstler, Curtis). 
(6) C. tomentosus Becc. in Hook. fil. F.B.I. vi. 455; Ann. Bot. 
Card. Calc. xi. 338, pi. 135. C. rhomboideus Ridl. Mat. ii. 194. 
Stem 30 to 40 ft. long, over i in. through, sheaths, petioles, 
and rachis covered with white tomentum and armed with short black 
conic thorns; leaflets 8 to 14 in four distant pairs, coriaceous, 
ovate or ovate-lanceolate acuminate, base narrowed, 10 in. long, 
6 in. wide, often tomentose beneath; main nerves 7 with many 
secondary and transverse nervules, flagellum strong, 8 to 10 ft. 
long. Female spadix about 6 ft. long, stout, spikes 4-5 in. long, 
distant. Hah. Forests up to 3000 ft. altitude, not common and 
imperfectly known, Sungei Ujong (Cantley). Perak, Thaiping Hills 
(Kunstler, etc.). 
var. korthalsicefolms Becc. Rec. Bot. Surv. Ind. ii. 209; Ann. 
Bot. Card. Calc, 340, pi. 136. Sheaths sparingly armed, and covered 
with silvery scales. Hah. Perak, Gunong Tam bang, Batak (Scor- 
techini). 
var. intermedins Becc. l.c. Slender, not as tomentose as type. 
Hah. Perak, Gunong Hijau (Scortechini). 
{7) C. scipionum Lour. FI. Cochinchinc, i. 210; Ridl. Mat. 
ii. 195; Becc. Ann. Bot. Card. Calc. 371, pis. 155, 156. 
Gigantic rattan, over 80 ft. long, 3 in. through. Leaves 8 ft. 
long, sheath green with few dagger-shaped short flat spines solitary 
and in threes; petioles i to 3 ft. long, gibbous at base; leaflets 
broad lanceolate, i to 3 ft. long, 2 in. wide, alternate, distant; 
flagella 12 ft. long from mouth of sheath. Spadix 12 ft. long or 
more, much branched. IVIale spathes tubular strongly thorny; 
spathels 1-5 in. long, armed, branches 3 to 4 in. long with alternate 
distichous spikes -5 to i in. long. Flowers green, -12 in. long. 
Female spadix, spathels hardly armed, spikes 4 in. long, fruit *3 in 
long, black. Hab. Not very common in dense forests. Malacca, 
Ching (Griffith). Selangor, Batu Tiga (Curtis); Kwala Lumpur. 
Perak, Bujong Malacca. Distrib. Borneo, Sumatra. Native names: 
Rotan Semambu; Rotan Rajah; Malacca cane. 
A plant cultivated in Singapore Gardens was bisexual, the spikes con¬ 
taining male and female flowers in pairs. The great length of the internodes 
in the upper part of the stem is very characteristic. 
Loureiro's description of his C. scipionum is based apparently mainly on 
a walking-stick to which he adds a figure and some account of a rattan from 
