CLVI. PALMACEiE. 
55 
Calamus.'] 
spathe armed with needle-like spines, limb lanceolate, branches 
6 in. long, spikes 1*5 in. long or less, slender. Female spadix 
stouter; flowers distant. Hab. Local in forests. Selangor, Kwala 
Lumpur (Curtis); Semangkok Pass; Bukit Kutu (Ridley). 
This plant was referred by Beccari to C. exilis, but it differs greatly in the 
very strongly armed sheaths and petioles. 
(14) C. Diepenhorstii FI. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 594; Palms 
Arch. Ind. 27; Ridl. Mat. ii. 199; Becc. Ann. Bot. Card. Calc, 
he. 324, pi. 126. C. singaporensis Becc. in Hook. fil. F.B.l. vi. 454; 
Ann. Bot. Card. Calc. 325, pi. 127. 
Stem 20 to 30 ft. long, stout. Leaves 3 to 4 ft. long; petioles 
over I ft. long, strongly armed with flat spines 75 in. long or less, 
with a broad pale base; leaflets i ft. long or more, 75 in. wide, 
linear, bristly on nerves and tip, edges thickened. Spadix 6 to 
7 ft. long, large, decompound, spathes thorny. Male spadix 
slender, unarmed in the upper part, spikes distant, i in, long, 
with pale close-set flowers, distichous, -r in. long. Female spadix 
more robust, spikes stouter and flowers more distant. Fruit 
globose, orange-yellow, scales broader than long. Seed ovoid 
ruminate. Hab. Common in forests. Singapore, Garden Jungle; 
Bukit Timah. Johor, Kwala Tebing Tinggi, Batu Pahat; Mount 
Austin. Pahang, Tahan River. Negri Sembilan, Gimong Angsi 
(Holttum). Selangor (Cantley). Perak, Kinta valley; Bujong 
Malacca (Kunstler). Bindings, Lumut. Penang, Muka head (Cur¬ 
tis, Wallich). Distrib. Sumatra. Native names: Rotan Roman; 
Rotan Layo. Use : For tying thatch. 
The form singaporensis has nearly or quite glabrous leaflets. 
(15) C. paspalanthus Becc. and Hook. fil. F.B.L vi. 450; Ridl. 
Mat. ii. 200. Daemonorops intumescens Becc. Rec. Bot. Surv. ii. 222. 
C. intumescens Ridl. Mat. 1 . c. ii. 200. 
Stem very long, *35 in. through, purple with flat olive-coloured 
spines -25 in. long with a thick base. Leaves 3 ft. long; petioles 
18 in. long, base gibbous, spines long, slender, 1*25 in. long; leaflets 
narrow linear, bristly on nerves beneath, glaucous beneath, i ft. 
long, *35 in. wide; rachis red, scurfy and hairy. Flagellum 40 in. 
long, very slender. Male spadix over 7 ft. long, base very stout, 
red scurfy, branches long, slender, 9 in. long or less, with numerous 
pale spikes *6 in. long and close distichous flowers -9 in. long. 
Female spadix stout and long, spikes over 6 in. long. Fruit globose, 
•5 in. long, scales broader than long, dark red. Hab. In forests. 
Singapore, Bukit Timah. Johor, Batu Pahat and Serom. Perak, 
Goping (Kunstler); Thaiping Hills. Distrib. Borneo. Native 
name: Rotan Semiang. 
The very narrow male spikes with very close-set distichous flowers, really 
suggesting spikes of grass, are very distinctive. 
T4 
