58 CLVI. PALMACE^. [Calamus. 
(23) C. scabridulus Becc. Rec. Bot. Surv. Ind. 2, p. 203; A 72 n. 
Bot. Card. Calc, l.c. lyi, pi. 32. 
Leaves over 3 ft. long, sheath with short stout thorns; rachis 
stout, red-brown; leaflets ensifonn acuminate, rather distant, 15 in, 
long, I in. wide, strongly 5-ribbed. Spadix male very long, several 
feet in length. Peduncle slightly flattened below on one face, 
with slender thorns -i in. long at base and numerous small pustules. 
Spathes limb short lanceolate with short thorns. Spadix branches 
long lax spreading, the spathels very scabrid. Spikes i in. long, 
slender, over 20 in a branch; flowers close set, small. Hub. Muar, 
Sungei Semangat (Fox). Disirib, Billiton, Borneo. 
(24) C. rugosus Becc. in Hook. fil. F.B.I. vi. 443; A^m. Bot. 
Card. Calc. xi. 175, pi. 36; Ridl. Mat. ii. 198. 
Stem 15 to 20 ft. long, -35 in. through, dark green, covered 
with transverse curved rough ridges with i or 2 thorns short and 
flat. Leaf 4 to 5 ft. long; petioles 9 in. long, edges and back 
thorny; leaflets 24 pairs, narrow linear acuminate, subulate, 9 in. 
long, -25 in. wide, tip bristly. Spadix male 3 ft. long or more, 
very slender. Spathes narrow with numerous recurved thorns, 
branches 6 in. long. Spikes 75 in. long; flowers *13 in. long. 
Female spadix stouter ; spikes stouter, -5 in. long. Fruit oblong 
beaked, dark brown, scales 9 rows, edge white, laciniate. Hah. 
Perak, Thaiping Hills at 3000 to 4000 ft. altitude. Abundant in 
the forest (Ridley and Curtis). 
(25) C. ramosissimus Griff. Calc. Journ. Nat. Hist. v. 78; Palms 
of Brit. Ind. 87, t. 207; Ridl. Mat. ii. 201. 
Stem 30 to 40 ft. long, i to 1*5 in. through. Leaves, petioles 
stout, channelled around with flat brown spines 3 in. long; sheath 
closely spiny, spines 4 in. long; leaflets inaequidistant, lanceate 
or nearly linear, 13 to 24 in. long, 1-5 to 3 in. wide; nerv'es 
numerous, tip bristly. Male spadix 2-5 ft. long, much branched, 
erect, over i ft. long, lower branch 8 in. long, upper branch shorter 
with numerous side-branches 4 in. long or less covered with slender 
spikes ’3 in. long or less with numerous distichous close-set flowers. 
Spathes thorny below with a thin coriaceous brown linear acuminate 
limb 2 ft. long, 1*5 in. wide, the upper ones shorter than the lower 
ones. Female spadix not branched, 9 in. long, stouter; spikes 
stout, 2 in. long. Fruit small, globose, brown or dark claret colour, 
•3 in. through. Hab. Mountains in forest, l^ahang, Kwala Tenok. 
Malacca. Negri Sembilan, Gunong Angsi. Perak, Gunong Kele- 
dang; Bujong Malacca; Goping (Knnstler); Thaiping Hills; Tan- 
jong Pondok (Burkill). Kedah Peak (Ridley). Kelantan, Sungei 
Keteh (Foxworthy). 
(26) C. perakensis Becc. in Hook. fil. F.B.I. vi. 451; Ridl. 
Mat. ii. 202; Ajin. Bot. Card. Calc. xi. 290, pi. 108. 
Stem 2 to 3 ft. long, *5 in. through, densely covered with flat 
brown thorns 4 in. long. Leaf about 2 ft. long; petioles with 
